Amino Acids 40 Profile

A component of the dietary peptide anserine.

An amino acid which is excreted in human urine.

A non-essential amino acid.

A intermediate occurring in the catabolism of two essential amino acids, methionine and threonine.

An intermediary metabolite of lysine and tryptophan.

Alpha-Amino-N-Butyric Acid to Leucine ratio

Part of a group of Beta-Amino Acids and Derivatives.

A conditionally essential amino acid.

A non-essential amino acid.

A nonessential protein amino acid

Dietary Peptide Related Markers

Amino acid end product of the pyrimidine metabolism.

Carnosine is a dietary peptide related marker that consists of histidine and beta-alanine. Carnosine is an incompletely digested peptide that is derived primarily from beef and pork.

An amino acid

Serine and B-6 are required to produce cystathionine.

Cystine is the oxidized form of cysteine.

Metabolite of serine

Has calming effect on nervous activity.

A non-essential amino acid.

The Glutamic Acid/Glutamine Ratio is used to identify specimen handling issues that cause spontaneous degradation of glutamine to glutamate, and can reveal the origin of difficulty maintaining systemic pH balance. What is Glutamate (glutamic acid)? Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain which is necessary for memory and learning. In fact, it is believed that 70% of the fast excitatory central nervous system synapses utilize glutamate as a transmitter. An event or process that dramatically increases the activity of glutamate often induces the death of neurons. Such a scenario is believed to take place in e.g. ischemia, trauma, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, and hepatic encephalopathy.; More mild but chronic malfunctioning of glutamatergic systems may be involved in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, AIDS-neurodegeneration, Tourette’s syndrome, and Korsakoff syndrome. It is unlikely that a disturbance of glutamate homeostasis is the sole initiator of these neurodegenerative diseases, but rather that excitotoxicity plays a pivotal executive role in events triggered by other processes such as energy deficits that facilitate the neurotoxic potential of endogenous glutamate. What is Glutamine? Glutamine is an amino acid which acts as a precursor to glutamate. Glutamine aids in the maintenance of gut barrier function, intestinal cell proliferation and differentiation. Glutamine supplementation is commonly utilized to help repair the mucosal lining of the gut which can help with food sensitivities and other stomach/ intestinal issues. High levels may be a sign of inhibitory/excitatory imbalances in the neurotransmitter system. ---------------------------------- References: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16776830/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32236804/ https://ur.booksc.eu/book/26508184/4fffe8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11844641/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9755377/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/429309/ https://www.epilepsybehavior.com/article/S1525-5050(13)00327-2/fulltext https://academic.microsoft.com/paper/2952506610/citedby/search?q=High%20plasma%20glutamate%20and%20low%20glutamine-to-glutamate%20ratio%20are%20associated%20with%20type%202%20diabetes%3A%20Case-cohort%20study%20within%20the%20PREDIMED%20trial&qe=RId%253D2952506610&f=&orderBy=0 https://www.uv.es/symbiosis/pdfs/palomo-buitragoetal2019.pdf https://abran.org.br/new/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/1617646504_glutamato_glutamina_ic.pdf https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00561/full https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0197018606003299?via%3Dihub https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8841951/

A precursor to glutamate and GABA

Amino acid with important functions within the body.

An amino acid.

A well-known cardiovascular disease risk factor.

A common amino acid in your blood.

Hydroxylysine is an amino acid related to collagen.

Hydroxyproline is a collagen related amino acid.

Can be looked at in relation to your collagen metabolism

One of the three branched-chain amino acids

A branched-chain amino acid

An alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

An essential amino acid

A urea cycle metabolite.

A precursor for the amino acid tyrosine.

This ratio evaluates the body’s ability to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine.

Important in in phospholipid metabolism.

Phosphoserine is a product of glycolysis.

A nonessential amino acid

If high it may indicate functional B2 deficiency.

Necessary for the biosynthesis of acetylcholine

A sulfur-containing amino acid required for bile formation.

An essential amino acid

Required for production of serotonin.

A precursor to serotonin

Tyrosin is the non-essential amino acid precursor for dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine.

An essential amino acids.