Genova Diagnostics
Reviewed by HealthMatters Editorial Team · Last updated February 2026
Genova Diagnostics: Lab Tests, Pricing, Reviews & How to Understand Your Results
Key Takeaways
- Genova Diagnostics is a specialty clinical laboratory based in Asheville, NC, founded in 1986, specializing in functional medicine testing
- Offers 125+ advanced tests for gut health, nutrition, hormones, immunology, and metabolic function
- Most popular tests: GI Effects (stool), Metabolomix+ (urine), NutrEval (blood + urine), SIBO (breath)
- Tests require a provider order — not available direct-to-consumer in most states
- Cost range: $200–$900 per test depending on panel; rarely covered by insurance
What is Genova Diagnostics?
Genova Diagnostics is a CLIA-certified specialty clinical laboratory that provides advanced functional medicine testing to healthcare providers worldwide. Founded in 1986 as Great Smokies Diagnostic Laboratory, Genova has become one of the most widely used labs in integrative and functional medicine, offering more than 125 specialized diagnostic tests focused on identifying root causes of chronic health conditions.
Unlike standard blood tests from LabCorp or Quest Diagnostics that measure whether values are within "normal" ranges, Genova's tests evaluate functional health — assessing how well your body's systems are actually working at a cellular and biochemical level. This approach is particularly valuable for patients with unexplained symptoms where conventional lab work has come back normal.
Genova Diagnostics at a Glance
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1986 (as Great Smokies Diagnostic Laboratory) |
| Headquarters | Asheville, North Carolina |
| Certification | CLIA-certified, licensed in CA, NY, MD, PA, RI |
| Number of tests offered | 125+ specialty functional medicine tests |
| Primary specialties | Gastrointestinal, Nutritional, Hormonal, Immunology, Metabolic |
| Sample types | Stool, urine, blood, saliva, breath, buccal swab (cheek) |
| At-home collection | Yes — most tests can be collected at home |
| Direct-to-consumer | No — requires provider order (except in select states via Genova Connect) |
What are Genova Diagnostics' most popular tests?
Genova offers a wide array of functional medicine tests, but a few are considered industry standards and are ordered most frequently by practitioners.
1. GI Effects® Comprehensive Stool Profile
What it measures: Gut microbiome composition, digestive function, inflammation, parasites, pathogens, and intestinal health markers
Sample type: Stool (1-day or 3-day collection)
Best for: Chronic digestive issues (IBS, bloating, diarrhea, constipation), SIBO, candida overgrowth, leaky gut, food intolerances, autoimmune conditions
Technology used: Metagenomic shotgun sequencing + PCR for pathogens
Cost: $400–$600
Why it's popular: The GI Effects test is widely considered the gold standard for comprehensive gut health assessment in functional medicine. It identifies over 28,000 species of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses, providing actionable insights for practitioners treating chronic GI and systemic health issues.
→ Learn more about the GI Effects test
2. Metabolomix+ (FMV)
What it measures: Organic acids, amino acids, oxidative stress markers, fatty acids, essential minerals, toxic elements, and genetic variants (optional add-ons)
Sample type: First-morning urine + optional bloodspot and buccal swab
Best for: Chronic fatigue, brain fog, mood disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, nutrient deficiencies, detoxification issues
Cost: $450–$900 (depending on add-ons)
Why it's popular: Metabolomix+ provides a comprehensive biochemical snapshot of nutritional and metabolic health, identifying deficiencies that standard blood tests miss. It's especially valuable for patients with unexplained fatigue or complex chronic illness.
→ Learn more about Metabolomix+
3. NutrEval® FMV
What it measures: Comprehensive nutritional status including vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, oxidative stress, and toxic elements
Sample type: Blood draw + first-morning urine
Best for: Comprehensive nutritional assessment for complex chronic disease, optimization for athletes, addressing multiple nutrient deficiencies
Cost: $800–$1,200
Why it's popular: NutrEval is Genova's most comprehensive nutritional test, combining 175+ biomarkers. It's the go-to test for practitioners who want the deepest possible nutritional and metabolic assessment.
4. SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth) Breath Test
What it measures: Hydrogen and methane gas levels after consuming a lactulose or glucose substrate — indicates bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine
Sample type: Breath samples collected over 2 or 3 hours at home
Best for: Bloating, gas, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, IBS, suspected SIBO
Cost: $200–$350
Why it's popular: SIBO is an extremely common underlying cause of IBS and chronic digestive symptoms. Genova's breath test is non-invasive, accurate, and can be done entirely at home.
5. Comprehensive Hormone Panel (Endo+, DUTCH alternatives)
What it measures: Estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, DHEA, cortisol, and metabolites
Sample type: Saliva, urine, or blood (depending on panel selected)
Best for: Hormone imbalances, menopause, PCOS, adrenal dysfunction, thyroid issues, fertility concerns
Cost: $300–$600
Why it's popular: Genova offers multiple hormone testing options, allowing practitioners to choose the best sample type (saliva vs. urine vs. blood) based on clinical presentation.
How do you order a Genova Diagnostics test?
Genova Diagnostics tests require a healthcare provider order in most states. You cannot order tests directly from Genova without a practitioner's authorization.
Option 1: Order Through Your Existing Provider
If you already work with a functional medicine doctor, naturopath, chiropractor, or integrative health practitioner, ask if they order Genova tests. Most functional medicine practitioners have an account with Genova and can order tests for you.
Option 2: Find a Provider Who Orders Genova Tests
Genova offers a "Find a Provider" tool on their website (gdx.net) where you can search for practitioners in your area who use Genova testing.
Option 3: Order Through Genova Connect (Telemedicine)
Genova Connect is a telemedicine service that connects patients with providers who can review your case and order appropriate tests. This option is available if you don't have an existing provider relationship.
Option 4: Order Through Third-Party Platforms
Services like Rupa Health and Vital Reaction allow patients to order Genova tests through their network of telemedicine providers. This is often the easiest route if you want to order tests independently.
Ordering Process (Once You Have a Provider)
- Your provider orders the test through Genova's online portal
- Genova ships a collection kit directly to your home (usually arrives in 3–5 business days)
- You collect your sample at home following the kit instructions
- You ship the sample back to Genova using the prepaid shipping label
- Results are available in your provider's portal in 10–21 business days (depending on test type)
- Your provider reviews results with you and creates a treatment plan
How much do Genova Diagnostics tests cost?
Genova tests are functional medicine specialty tests and are typically not covered by standard health insurance. However, costs vary widely depending on which test you order.
Genova Test Pricing (Approximate)
| Test Name | Sample Type | Approximate Cost |
|---|---|---|
| GI Effects® Comprehensive (1-day) | Stool | $400 – $550 |
| GI Effects® Comprehensive (3-day) | Stool | $500 – $650 |
| Metabolomix+ (basic) | Urine | $450 – $600 |
| Metabolomix+ (full with add-ons) | Urine + bloodspot + cheek swab | $700 – $900 |
| NutrEval® FMV | Blood + urine | $800 – $1,200 |
| SIBO Breath Test (2-hour) | Breath | $200 – $300 |
| SIBO Breath Test (3-hour) | Breath | $250 – $350 |
| Organix Dysbiosis Profile | Urine | $200 – $350 |
| Hormone Panel (varies by type) | Saliva, urine, or blood | $300 – $600 |
| Food Sensitivity Panel (IgG) | Blood | $250 – $400 |
Is Genova Diagnostics covered by insurance?
In most cases, no. Genova tests are considered "functional medicine" or "specialty" testing and are not typically reimbursed by insurance. However:
- Some PPO plans may partially reimburse if you submit a superbill (detailed receipt) for out-of-network lab services
- HSA/FSA accounts can usually be used to pay for Genova tests
- Medicare and Medicaid generally do not cover Genova tests
- Genova offers payment plans for tests over $500
Pro tip: Ask your provider's office if they offer cash-pay discounts for Genova tests. Many functional medicine practices negotiate lower pricing for patients paying out-of-pocket.
How do you collect a sample for Genova Diagnostics?
One of Genova's major advantages is that most tests can be collected entirely at home — no need to visit a lab or clinic.
Sample Collection by Test Type
| Sample Type | How It's Collected | Preparation Required |
|---|---|---|
| Stool | Collect a small stool sample using the provided collection vials and tools | Avoid antibiotics, probiotics, and certain supplements for 2 weeks before collection |
| Urine (first-morning void) | Collect the first urine of the morning in a provided container | Fast overnight (8–12 hours); no food or supplements before collection |
| Bloodspot (finger stick) | Prick your finger and collect a few drops of blood on a collection card | Usually requires fasting; follow specific kit instructions |
| Saliva | Spit into collection tubes at specific times of day (usually 4–5 samples) | Avoid eating, drinking, or brushing teeth for 30 minutes before each sample |
| Breath | Breathe into collection tubes every 20–30 minutes over 2–3 hours after drinking a substrate solution | Fast for 12 hours before test; avoid certain foods and medications for 24–48 hours prior |
| Buccal swab (cheek) | Rub a cotton swab on the inside of your cheek | No preparation needed |
| Venous blood draw | Blood drawn at a lab or clinic (required for NutrEval and some hormone panels) | Fasting required; follow kit instructions |
Shipping Your Sample
Genova provides a prepaid FedEx shipping label with every test kit. Most samples must be shipped on Monday–Thursday only to ensure they arrive at the lab within the required stability window. Always freeze the included ice pack 24 hours before shipping if your kit includes one.
How long does it take to get Genova Diagnostics results?
Turnaround times vary by test complexity:
| Test Type | Typical Turnaround Time |
|---|---|
| SIBO Breath Test | 7–10 business days |
| Organix, Metabolomix+ | 14–21 business days |
| GI Effects Stool Test | 14–21 business days |
| NutrEval | 14–21 business days |
| Hormone Panels | 10–14 business days |
| Genetic SNP Tests | 21–28 business days |
Results are released to your healthcare provider's portal first. Your provider will then schedule a consultation to review results and create a treatment plan.
How do you understand Genova Diagnostics results?
Genova reports are designed to be practitioner-facing, not patient-facing. This means they contain detailed clinical information that requires interpretation by a knowledgeable provider.
What's Included in a Genova Report
- Summary page: High-level overview of key findings and abnormal markers
- Graphical results: Color-coded charts showing where your markers fall (green = normal, yellow = borderline, red = out of range)
- Reference ranges: Normal ranges for each biomarker, sometimes with optimal ranges noted
- Clinical commentary: Explanations of what elevated or low markers may indicate
- Recommendations: Suggested dietary changes, supplements, or further testing
- Educational sections: Background on what each marker measures and why it matters
Working With Your Provider to Interpret Results
Genova results are most valuable when reviewed with a functional medicine practitioner who understands how to:
- Identify patterns across multiple biomarkers (not just individual "high" or "low" values)
- Correlate lab findings with your symptoms and health history
- Create a targeted treatment plan based on root causes, not just symptoms
- Recommend retesting intervals to track progress
If you don't have a provider: Services like Rupa Health or telemedicine functional medicine platforms can connect you with practitioners who specialize in interpreting Genova results.
How can you track your Genova Diagnostics results over time?
Functional medicine is about tracking progress — not just getting a snapshot. If you've invested in comprehensive testing like Genova's, it's essential to monitor how your biomarkers change as you implement treatment.
HealthMatters allows you to:
- Import your Genova reports (PDF or manual entry) and view all biomarkers in one centralized dashboard
- Track trends over time — compare multiple GI Effects or Metabolomix+ tests side-by-side to see what improved and what still needs work
- Share results securely with your provider, even if you switch practitioners
- Export your data to Excel or PDF for easy reference
- Organize all lab work — combine Genova results with standard LabCorp/Quest tests for a complete health record
Unlike paper reports that get lost in a drawer, HealthMatters gives you a permanent, organized record of your functional lab testing.
→ Start tracking your lab results with HealthMatters
What do patients say about Genova Diagnostics?
Genova Diagnostics has a mixed reputation among patients, with experiences varying significantly based on the provider relationship and billing transparency.
Common Positive Feedback
- Comprehensive, detailed results — patients appreciate the depth of information provided
- At-home collection convenience — no need to visit a lab for most tests
- Life-changing diagnoses — many patients report finally getting answers after years of normal conventional lab work
- High-quality reports — easy-to-read color graphics and educational content
Common Complaints
- High cost and billing issues — many patients report unexpected bills, lack of price transparency, and difficulty getting clear answers from billing departments
- Poor customer service responsiveness — long hold times, delayed email responses, difficulty resolving billing disputes
- Insurance confusion — patients often believe tests will be covered but are later billed full price
- Results delays — occasional reports of tests taking longer than the stated turnaround time, especially during high-volume periods
Review Summary (From Trustpilot, BBB, and Patient Forums)
| Source | Average Rating | Common Themes |
|---|---|---|
| Trustpilot | 3.2 / 5 stars | Billing transparency issues, high-quality test results |
| Better Business Bureau | Mixed (complaints focus on billing) | Unexpected charges, difficulty resolving disputes |
| Practitioner Forums | Generally positive | Valued for comprehensive testing, some concerns about cost vs. clinical utility |
Bottom line: Genova's test quality is widely respected in functional medicine, but patient satisfaction depends heavily on having a good provider relationship and understanding costs upfront.
How does Genova Diagnostics compare to other functional labs?
Genova is one of several major functional medicine labs. Here's how it compares to key competitors:
| Lab | Strengths | Popular Tests | Typical Cost Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genova Diagnostics | Comprehensive test menu, established reputation, at-home collection | GI Effects, Metabolomix+, NutrEval, SIBO | $200 – $1,200 |
| Diagnostic Solutions (GI-MAP) | Fast turnaround (5–7 days), highly sensitive gut pathogen detection | GI-MAP stool test | $350 – $500 |
| Great Plains Laboratory | Organic acids testing pioneer, mycotoxin testing | Organic Acids Test (OAT), MycoTOX | $300 – $600 |
| Precision Analytical (DUTCH) | Gold standard for dried urine hormone testing | DUTCH Complete, DUTCH Plus | $400 – $600 |
| Vibrant Wellness | Microarray technology, extensive autoimmune panels | Gut Zoomer, Wheat Zoomer, Neural Zoomer | $350 – $700 |
Genova's niche: Broadest test menu with the longest track record in functional medicine. If your practitioner wants a "one-stop shop" lab for multiple specialty tests, Genova is often the default choice.
Frequently Asked Questions About Genova Diagnostics
Do I need a doctor to order a Genova Diagnostics test?
Yes, in most states. Genova tests require a healthcare provider order. However, you can use telemedicine services like Genova Connect, Rupa Health, or other platforms to connect with a provider who can order tests for you.
Can I order Genova tests without insurance?
Yes. Most Genova tests are paid out-of-pocket (cash pay) since they are rarely covered by insurance. Pricing is available upfront through your provider's office or through third-party platforms like Rupa Health.
Are Genova Diagnostics tests FDA-approved?
Genova Diagnostics is a CLIA-certified laboratory, which is the federal standard for clinical labs in the U.S. Individual tests are not "FDA-approved" but are considered laboratory-developed tests (LDTs) performed under strict quality control standards.
How accurate are Genova Diagnostics tests?
Genova maintains high quality control standards and is CLIA-certified. However, like all functional medicine tests, results must be interpreted in the context of your full health history — no single test tells the complete story. Work with a knowledgeable practitioner to interpret findings.
Can I use my HSA or FSA to pay for Genova tests?
Yes. Genova Diagnostics lab tests are eligible for HSA/FSA reimbursement in most cases. Check with your HSA/FSA administrator to confirm.
What is the difference between Genova Diagnostics and LabCorp/Quest?
LabCorp and Quest are conventional labs that perform standard blood tests ordered by most doctors (CBC, CMP, lipid panel, thyroid, etc.). Genova is a specialty functional medicine lab focused on advanced testing for gut health, nutrition, hormones, and metabolic function. The two serve different purposes — conventional labs for diagnosis, functional labs for root cause analysis.
How long does it take to get results from Genova Diagnostics?
Turnaround time ranges from 7–28 business days depending on the test. Most common tests (GI Effects, Metabolomix+, NutrEval) take 14–21 business days. Results are released to your provider first.
Does Genova Diagnostics test for SIBO?
Yes. Genova offers both 2-hour and 3-hour SIBO breath tests that measure hydrogen and methane gas levels to detect small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.
What is Genova Connect?
Genova Connect is a telemedicine service that connects patients with healthcare providers who can order Genova tests. It's designed for patients who don't have an existing provider relationship or whose current doctor doesn't use Genova testing.
Is Genova Diagnostics worth it?
Genova Diagnostics tests are worth the investment if you're working with a knowledgeable functional medicine provider who can interpret results and create a targeted treatment plan. These tests excel at identifying root causes of chronic health issues that conventional labs miss — particularly for gut health, nutrient deficiencies, metabolic dysfunction, and hormonal imbalances.
However, Genova tests are expensive and rarely covered by insurance. They are most valuable when:
- You have unexplained chronic symptoms and conventional lab work has been normal
- You're working with a practitioner trained in functional medicine
- You're willing to implement dietary changes, supplements, and lifestyle interventions based on results
- You have the budget to retest in 3–6 months to track progress
Not recommended if: You expect a single test to "diagnose" your condition, you're not willing to make treatment changes, or you don't have a provider to interpret results.
For patients committed to a functional medicine approach, Genova's comprehensive testing often provides the missing puzzle pieces that lead to lasting health improvements.
References & Additional Resources
Genova Diagnostics Official Website. gdx.net
Genova Diagnostics CLIA Certificate and Laboratory Accreditation. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.
Genova Diagnostics Patient Reviews. Trustpilot. trustpilot.com
Better Business Bureau: Genova Diagnostics Complaints. bbb.org
Show more
Popular test panels by Genova Diagnostics:
Celiac Profile - Serum (Genova Diagnostics): Understanding Your Results The "1018 Celiac Profile - Serum" by Genova Diagnostics is a comprehensive blood test designed to identify celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. This panel measures
Learn more1019 IgG Food Antibodies - Bloodspot
What is the 1019 IgG Food Antibodies – Bloodspot test? The 1019 IgG Food Antibodies – Bloodspot panel by Genova Diagnostics is a dried blood spot test designed to measure IgG antibody responses to a wide range of commonly consumed food
Learn moreWritten By: B. Dame Updated On: January 28, 2025 Comprehensive Guide to Interpreting the GI Effects Profile: Unlock the Secrets of Gut Health The GI Effects Comprehensive Profile (Test Code 2200) is a powerful diagnostic tool designed to unc
Learn more3000 NutrEval FMV - Urine and Blood
NutrEval® Profile Test: Comprehensive Nutritional & Functional Assessment The NutrEval® Profile is an advanced nutritional and functional medicine test designed to uncover the root causes of metabolic dysfunction, nutrient deficiencies
Learn more3102 ION (Blood/Urine) Amino Acids 40
Amino Acids 40 Profile - Plasma The ION (Individual Optimal Nutrition) Profile with 40 Amino Acids nutritional analysis can help identify nutrient deficiencies that may be a root cause of complex chronic conditions. The ION with 40 Amino Acids is
Learn more3200 Metabolomix+ - FMV Urine
Reviewed by HealthMatters Editorial Team · Last updated February 2026 Metabolomix+ Test (Genova Diagnostics): What It Measures, Cost, and How to Interpret Results Key Takeaways Metabolomix+ analyzes 125+ biomarkers including org
Learn moreThe Organix Comprehensive Profile is a nutritional test providing insights into organic acids and a view into the body's cellular metabolic processes. Identifying metabolic blocks that can be treated nutritionally allows individual tailoring of i
Learn moreThe Adrenocortex Stress Profile (ASP) provides an assessment of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis using timed salivary samples of the hormones cortisol and DHEA. Salivary testing is an easy, non-invasive option to measure unbound, bi
Learn moreAmino Acids 40 Profile
This test determines essential amino acid imbalances that affect both physical and mental function
Learn moreAmino Acids Analysis
Amino acid nutritional testing aids in the identification of the following: - dietary protein adequacy - amino acid balance - gastrointestinal dysfunctions - forms of protein intolerance - vitamin and mineral deficiencies - renal an
Learn moreComplete Hormones (24hr)
The Complete Hormones is the most comprehensive urinary hormone test, designed to assist in the clinical management of hormone-related conditions. This hormone test assesses parent hormones, their metabolites, and key metabolic pathways.
Learn moreComplete Hormones is Genova's most comprehensive urinary hormone profile, and is designed to assist with the clinical management of hormone-related symptoms in both male and females. This profile assesses parent hormones and their metabolite
Learn moreCortisol Awakening Response (CAR): - CAR represents the momentum of rising cortisol levels that begins several hours prior to awakening and an additional transient increase. - CAR reflects a person’s ability to cope with anticipated
Learn moreDetoxiGenomic Profile and a la carte SNPs
The DetoxiGenomic® Profile and a la carte SNPs are designed to assess genetic risks for chronic diseases. According to the CDC, precision medicine, also known as personalized medicine, tailors patient care based on genetics, lifestyle, and enviro
Learn moreEndo+
What is Endo+? Endo+ is a unique profile that combines multiple hormonal assessments and synthesizes the information so the clinician can quickly identify imbalances. Hormones are chemical messengers released by a cell, gland, or organ into the
Learn moreGenova Diagnostics is a global clinical laboratory, pioneering a systems approach that supports healthcare providers in the personalized treatment and prevention of chronic disease.
Learn moreMethylation Panel
Methylation is a biochemical process in which methyl groups (CH3) are transferred or donated between molecules, thereby changing their structure and function. This happens billions of times per second in every cell throughout the body. The methy
Learn moreOne Day Hormone Check
One Day Hormone Check: Comprehensive Salivary Hormone Testing The One Day Hormone Check is a non-invasive salivary hormone test designed to assess bioavailable, unbound hormone levels over a 24-hour period. This test provides insights into key hor
Learn moreOrganix Comprehensive Profile: Unlocking Key Insights into Cellular Metabolism The Organix Comprehensive Profile is a cutting-edge nutritional test that provides a deep dive into the body's metabolic health by analyzing organic acids. This tes
Learn moreSmall intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is an increase in the number of bacteria and/or the presence of atypical microbiota in the small intestine. Gram-positive flora might be present due to failure of the gastric acid barrier, whereas
Learn more