Thyroid Panel
Serum
A Thyroid Panel is an essential health category for assessing thyroid function, a key aspect of metabolic health and well-being. This panel typically includes tests for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free Thyroxine (T4), Free Triiodothyronine (T3), and sometimes Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPO Antibodies), providing a comprehensive view of thyroid health. The thyroid gland, located in the neck, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, energy levels, and body temperature. Abnormalities in thyroid function can lead to conditions such as hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), each with distinct symptoms and health implications. Hypothyroidism can cause fatigue, weight gain, and depression, while hyperthyroidism may lead to weight loss, anxiety, and heart palpitations. The Thyroid Panel is vital for diagnosing these conditions and is especially important for individuals experiencing symptoms of thyroid dysfunction, pregnant women, or those with a family history of thyroid disorders. Regular monitoring through a Thyroid Panel can aid in the early detection and effective management of thyroid-related health issues. This test is a cornerstone in preventive healthcare, ensuring thyroid-related problems are identified and treated promptly, thereby enhancing overall health and quality of life. For anyone concerned about their metabolic health, a Thyroid Panel is an invaluable tool for maintaining optimal wellness.
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TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone): Measures TSH levels to differentiate among primary, secondary, and tertiary hypothyroidism. It's also crucial for hyperthyroidism screening, providing a foundational understanding of thyroid function.
T4 (Thyroxine), Total: This test evaluates total T4 levels, aiding in the diagnosis of both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, reflecting the thyroid's overall hormone production.
T3 Uptake: This assessment, used alongside thyroxine (T4) measurements, helps calculate the free T4 index. It's a key tool in evaluating various thyroid disorders.
T4 Free (FT4): Specifically targets the measurement of free T4, playing a vital role in diagnosing both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, indicating the active portion of thyroxine.
Thyroid Peroxidase and Thyroglobulin Antibodies: These tests are instrumental in diagnosing and managing thyroid conditions, including autoimmune thyroiditis, Hashimoto's disease, Graves’ Disease, and some types of goiter.
Thyroglobulin, LC/MS/MS: Utilized primarily in the detection and monitoring of residual or recurrent thyroid cancer, providing critical information for ongoing cancer management.
TSI (Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulin): Essential for identifying Graves’ disease and helpful in predicting the likelihood of neonatal hyperthyroidism.
Thyroxine-binding globulin, TBG: This test is used in the diagnosis and management of various thyroid conditions, including Graves’ disease, neonatal hypothyroidism, and postpartum thyroid dysfunctions, assessing the protein that transports thyroid hormones.
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For more information on how to screen for Hypo- and hyper-thyroidism, please read our blog article "Hypo- and hyper-thyroidism: algorithm for screening and diagnosis"
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Biomarkers included in this panel:
Thyroglobulin antibodies are antibodies that recognize and bind to thyroglobulin, interfering with its function. Thyroglobulin is critical for thyroid hormone production, so thyroglobulin antibodies usually indicate thyroid disease.
Learn moreAntithyroid Antibody
Antithyroid antibodies are crucial biomarkers for diagnosing and managing autoimmune thyroid diseases like Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. Detecting these antibodies early can lead to better treatment outcomes, helping to prevent
Learn moreFree Thyroxine
Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. The term “free thyroxine” means the measured thyroxine that is not bound to proteins in the blood.
Learn moreFree Thyroxine Index
The free T4 index (FTI) is a blood test used to diagnose thyroid disorders. T4, also called thyroxine, is a thyroid hormone. The test measures how much of it is in your blood to help determine whether your thyroid gland is underactive (hypothyroidism
Learn moreParathyroid hormone (PTH) helps the body maintain stable levels of calcium in the blood. It is part of a feedback loop that includes calcium, PTH, vitamin D, and, to some extent, phosphorus (phosphate) and magnesium. Conditions and diseases that disr
Learn moreReverse T3, Serum
Reverse T3 is a biologically inactive thyroid hormone; however, it does block the conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3). Higher levels of reverse T3 can decrease the effect of thyroid hormone.
Learn moreT3, or Triiodothyronine, is a vital hormone in a thyroid panel, measured in nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL). It is essential for diagnosing and monitoring thyroid disorders like hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. High T3 levels may indicate hyperth
Learn moreA T3 (=triiodothyronine) test is a blood test that helps diagnose thyroid conditions, specifically hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Healthcare providers typically order this test alongside other thyroid function tests. High or low T3 levels m
Learn moreT4, Free
Thyroxine or T4 is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. The term “free T4” means measured T4 that is not bound to proteins in the blood.
Learn moreT4, Total (Thyroxine)
Thyroxine (T4) is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is sometimes called total thyroxine because it includes both free T4 and T4 bound to proteins.
Learn moreThyroid peroxidase (TPO) is an enzyme that is critical for to thyroid hormone synthesis in the thyroid gland. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies bind to and block the action of TPO, resulting in decreases in thyroid hormone levels. The presence of T
Learn moreThe measurement of thyroid stimulating autoantibodies, in conjunction with other clinical and laboratory findings, is used as an aid in the diagnosis of patients suspected of having Graves' disease.
Learn moreThyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is one of the most important hormones currently used to diagnose thyroid abnormalities. This glycoprotein is secreted by the pituitary and stimulates release of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) from the thyro
Learn moreTotal T3
The T3 test measures triiodothyronine in blood to help doctors diagnose hyperthyroidism. The total triiodothyronine (T3) test is one of several tests used to diagnose thyroid disorders. T3 is an active thyroid hormone that your body creates by conver
Learn moreTRAb (TSH Receptor Binding Antibody) is a biomarker used primarily to diagnose and manage thyroid-related disorders. It is especially useful for identifying Graves' disease, which is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system atta
Learn moreT3 Uptake - T3 Uptake (T3U) is used with measurement of Thyroxine (T4) to calculate the Free T4 Index. The calculated Free T4 is useful in the assessment of thyroid diseases. Elevations are associated with Hyperthyroidism or Thyroid Hormone Resistanc
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