Heavy Metals

Urine

Performed by: Vibrant America

Biomarkers included in this panel:

Aluminum

The major tissue sites of aluminum toxicity are the nervous system, immune system, bone, liver, and red blood cells. Aluminum may also interfere with heme (porphyrin) synthesis.

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Antimony

Possible sources of antimony:  - Food and smoking are the usual sources of antimony. Thus cigarette smoke can externally contaminate hair, as well as contribute to uptake via inhalation.  - Gunpowder (ammunition) often contains antimony.

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Arsenic

Arsenic is a natural component of the earth’s crust and is widely distributed throughout the environment in the air, water and land. It is highly toxic in its inorganic form and considered a carcinogenic heavy

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Barium

Barium is a silvery-white metal found in nature. Barium compounds are used to make paint, bricks, tiles, glass, and rubber; used by the oil and gas industries in drilling muds; and sometimes used by doctors to perform medical tests.

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Beryllium

Bismuth

Cadmium

Cesium

Gadolinium

Lead

Mercury

Nickel

Palladium

Platinum

Tellurium

Thallium

Thorium

Tin

Tungsten

Uranium

Uranium is a naturally occurring radioactive element found on earth found in nearly all rocks and soils. It is used as fuel for nuclear power plants and the nuclear reactors that run naval ships and submarines. It can also be used in nuclear weapons.

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Urine Creatinine

Urine creatinine is a crucial marker on an Organic Acids panel, primarily used to assess kidney function and the overall adequacy of urine concentration. Creatinine is a waste product formed from the normal breakdown of muscle tissue and is excreted

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