Increased urinary products of the omega fatty acid metabolism pathway may be due to carnitine deficiency, fasting, or increased intake of triglycerides from coconut oil, or some infant formulas. Very elevated values may indicate a genetic disorder. Fatty acid oxidation defects are associated with hypoglycemia and lethargy. Regardless of cause, intake of dietary supplements containing L-carnitine or acetyl-L-carnitine may improve clinical symptoms.
Sebacic acid is a breakdown product of fatty acids. Higher levels can be seen when the breakdown of fats is impaired or blocked. There are various reasons why the breakdown of fats can be impaired.
Some of those reasons could be:
- Increased intake with or supplementation of medium-chain triglycerides. Those can be found in coconut or palm oils for example.
- Increased consumption of gelatin, jello or custards.
- Vitamin B2 (aka Riboflavin) deficiency. Riboflavin is needed for fatty acid breakdown.
- Diabetes
- Genetic disorder such as acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (very elevated values might point to this).
- Other rare inherited disorders such as adrenoleukodystrophy and Zellweger syndrome
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2-Hydroxybutyric, 2-Hydroxyhippuric, 2-Hydroxyisocaproic, 2-Hydroxyisovaleric, 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic, 2-Oxo-4-methiolbutyric, 2-Oxoglutaric, 2-Oxoisocaproic, 2-Oxoisovaleric, 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric (HMG), 3-Hydroxybutyric, 3-Hydroxyglutaric, 3-Indoleacetic, 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric, 3-Methylglutaconic, 3-Methylglutaric, 3-Oxoglutaric, 4-Cresol, 4-Hydroxybenzoic, 4-Hydroxybutyric, 4-Hydroxyhippuric, 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic, 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic, 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic (5-HIAA), 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furoic, Acetoacetic, Aconitic, Adipic, Arabinose, Ascorbic, Carboxycitric, Citramalic, Citric, DHPPA (Beneficial Bacteria), Dihydroxyphenylacetic (DOPAC), Ethylmalonic, Fumaric, Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic, Furancarbonylglycine, Glutaric, Glyceric, Glycolic, Hippuric, Homogentisic, Homovanillic (HVA), HPHPA, HVA / VMA Ratio, HVA/ DOPAC Ratio, Kynurenic, Lactic, Malic, Malonic, Mandelic, Methylcitric, Methylmalonic, Methylsuccinic, N-Acetylaspartic, N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), Orotic, Oxalic, Pantothenic (B5), Phenyllactic, Phenylpyruvic, Phosphoric, Pyridoxic (B6), Pyroglutamic, Pyruvic, Quinolinic, Quinolinic / 5-HIAA Ratio, Sebacic, Suberic, Succinic, Tartaric, Thymine, Tricarballylic, Uracil, Vanillylmandelic (VMA)
