Brain Health
The Brain Health category includes biomarkers that evaluate cognitive function, neurological integrity, and the risk of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and other forms of dementia. These tests provide valuable insights into the health and resilience of the central nervous system (CNS), allowing for early detection of brain-related disorders, monitoring of disease progression, and guidance for personalized interventions.
Whether you're noticing changes in memory or mental clarity, managing a known neurological condition, or proactively tracking your brain function over time, these biomarkers help you understand key aspects of brain performance, neuronal health, and long-term cognitive risk. They support targeted strategies for cognitive preservation, mental performance optimization, and early intervention when needed.
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Biomarkers included in this panel:
The Aβ42/40 Ratio (Amyloid Beta 42/40 Ratio) is a biomarker that helps detect early signs of Alzheimer’s disease by measuring the balance between two key amyloid beta proteins in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid. A lower ratio indicates a
Learn moreThe Beta-amyloid 42/40 ratio (Aβ42/40) compares two amyloid-beta peptides in blood or CSF to detect Alzheimer’s-type biology: because Aβ42 more readily forms plaques, its level in fluids falls relative to Aβ40, so a lower ratio i
Learn moreGlial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a structural protein found in astrocytes, the support cells that help protect and maintain healthy brain and spinal cord function. When these cells become stressed, inflamed, or damaged, GFAP can be released
Learn moreNeurofilament proteins are vital structural components of nerve cells, helping to maintain their shape and function. Of these, neurofilament light chain (NfL) has emerged as a clinically important biomarker. When neurons are damaged or unde
Learn moreNeuron-specific enolase (NSE) is an enzyme that is found in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells. The production of NSE occurs late in neural differentiation, thus making NSE an index of neural maturation.
Learn morep-tau181 (phosphorylated tau at threonine 181) is a biomarker that reflects Alzheimer’s-type brain changes involving amyloid plaques and tau buildup. Measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood, it helps distinguish Alzheimer’s disease
Learn morep-tau217 is a phosphorylated form of tau (at threonine 217) measured in blood or CSF that reflects Alzheimer’s-type biology—particularly amyloid plaque and tau changes—and often outperforms older phospho-tau markers like p-tau181 fo
Learn moreThis test measures levels of phosphorylated tau217 (p-tau217) in the blood—a protein strongly linked to the development of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. Tau proteins normally help stabilize nerve cells in the
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