Phocaeicola vulgatus

Optimal Result: 0 - 830000000 CFU/g stool.

Generally considered a beneficial gut commensal, although is capable of attaching to and invading colonic epithelial cells and inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines.

- Produces beta-glucuronidase, succinate, lactate, acetate, formate, and propionate.

- Associated with insulin resistance.

- Contains bile salt hydrolases to metabolize bile.

- Formerly named Bacteroides vulgatus.

References:

Cuiv PO, Klaassens ES, Durkin AS, et al. Draft genome sequence of Bacteroides vulgatus PC510, a strain isolated from human feces. J Bacteriol. 2011;193(15):4025-4026.

Mroczynska M, Galecka M, Szachta P, Kamoda D, Libudzisz Z, Roszak D. Beta-glucuronidase and Beta-glucosidase activity in stool specimens of children with inflammatory bowel disease. Pol J Microbiol. 2013;62(3):319-325.

Lück R, Deppenmeier U. Genetic tools for the redirection of the central carbon flow towards the production of lactate in the human gut bacterium Phocaeicola (Bacteroides) vulgatus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022;106(3):1211-1225.

Leite AZ, Rodrigues NC, Gonzaga MI, et al. Detection of Increased Plasma Interleukin-6 Levels and Prevalence of Prevotella copri and Bacteroides vulgatus in the Feces of Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1107.

Hentges DJ, Maier BR, Burton GC, Flynn MA, Tsutakawa RK. Effect of a high-beef diet on the fecal bacterial flora of humans. Cancer Res. 1977;37(2):568-571.

Nicolucci AC, Hume MP, Martinez I, Mayengbam S, Walter J, Reimer RA. Prebiotics Reduce Body Fat and Alter Intestinal Microbiota in Children Who Are Overweight or With Obesity. Gastroenterology. 2017;153(3):711-722.

Dewulf EM, Cani PD, Claus SP, et al. Insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind intervention study with inulin-type fructans in obese women. Gut. 2013;62(8):1112-1121.

What does it mean if your Phocaeicola vulgatus result is too low?

Decreased levels were found in 7-12- year olds who consumed oligofructoseenriched inulin (BENEO's prebiotic fiber Synergy1) for 16 weeks in a double-blind-controlled trial.

Dietary inulin-type fructan prebiotics decreased Bacteroides vulgatus in obese women which positively correlated with changes in body composition and glucose homeostasis.

What does it mean if your Phocaeicola vulgatus result is too high?

A high beef diet was associated with increases in Bacteroides fragilis, B. vulgatus and Clostridium spp. in 10 volunteers.

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