What is Gamma Globulin?
Gamma globulin is a major class of immunoglobulins found in the blood, including many of the most common antibodies circulating in the blood.
The gamma globulin band consists of 5 immunoglobulins:
In order to remember which immunoglobulins the gamma globulin band consists of, just remember the word: G.A.M.E.D.
Gamma Globulin is a somewhat ambiguous term that still remains in common usage despite attempts to substitute ‘immunoglobulin’ in its place.
What are immunoglobulins?
Immunoglobulins function as antibodies in the immune response.
– IgG (fights bacterial & viral infections)
– IgA (protects places mucous membranes – mouth, nose, lungs, intestines and saliva and tears)
– IgM (first antibody made by the body to fight a new infection)
– IgE (responsible for immunity to parasites and allergic reactions)
– IgD (scientists are still discovering it’s function – one theory is it signals activation of B Cells in immune response)
Reference Ranges:
IgA:
IgM:
References:
What is a Globulin Test? https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003544.htm
Low globulin levels can be a sign of liver or kidney disease.
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High levels may indicate infection, inflammatory disease or immune disorders. High globulin levels may also indicate certain types of cancer, such as multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's disease, or malignant lymphoma. However, abnormal results may be due to certain medications, dehydration, or other factors. To learn what your results mean, talk to your health care provider.
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