Optimal Result:
17.13 - 768.53 ug/mg creatinine.
Microbes resident in the large intestine of the human body help to break down complex aromatic compounds in dietary plant matter (polyphenols), freeing up benzoic acid, which enters the bloodstream. The liver can add the amino acid glycine to benzoic acid to form hippuric acid, which re-enters the blood and is absorbed by the kidneys. As a result, the kidneys excrete hundreds of milligrams of hippuric acid into the urine every day.
Dietary polyphenols include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, coffee, tea, and nuts. Abnormalities of urinary benzoate and hippurate may reveal detoxification or dysbiosis (=microbial imbalance) issues.
More on intestinal bacteria:
By acting on various dietary or endogenous substrates, intestinal bacteria or parasites can generate metabolic products that are absorbed and excreted in urine with or without further modification in the liver and kidney.
In health, the intestinal tract contains large amounts of beneficial bacteria that produce some B vitamins and provide stimulus for proper immune function. However, if your stomach acid is not adequate, if you fail to digest protein, or if your diet does not supply sufficient fiber, the resulting overgrowth of unfavorable bacteria can release toxic products that your body must remove. These products include hippurate.
Where is hippurate formed?
Hippurate is a glycine conjugate of benzoic acid formed in the mitochondria of the liver and kidneys
Bacteria also convert certain food components (polyphenols) into hippurate.
Hippurate is also derived from the metabolism of quinic acid and/or shikimic acid.
Hippurate is a bacterial product of phenylalanine metabolism.
What are polyphenols?
Polyphenols are micronutrients that we get through certain plant-based foods. They're packed with antioxidants and potential health benefits. It's thought that polyphenols can improve or help treat digestion issues, weight management difficulties, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular diseases.
What is benzoate?
Bacterial deamination of the amino acid phenylalanine forms benzoate, which is conjugated with another amino acid, glycine, to form hippurate. Elevated levels of benzoate compared to hippurate can indicate low levels of glycine and pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5). Benzoate can be increased due to dietary intake of certain foods.
| Benzoate | Hippurate | Other bacterial markers | Interpretation |
|
Low |
Low |
No elevations | Low intake of benzoate and precursors, plus normal or low dietary polyphenol conversion by intestinal mircrobes |
| Multiple elevations | Low intake of benzoate and precursors with intestinal microbial overgrowth of species that do not metabolize dietary polyhenols (very rare) | ||
|
High |
Low |
No elevations | Glycine conjugation deficit (possibly genetic polymorphic phenotype if hippurate is very low); dietary benzoate or precursor intake. |
| Multiple elevations | Glycine conjugation deficit; presume benzoate is at least partially from intestinal microbial action on dietary polyphenols. | ||
|
Low |
High |
No elevations | Normal hippurate production via active glycine conjugation; No indication of microbial overgrowth. |
| Multiple elevations | Normal hippurate production via active glycine conjugation; Presume hippurate is at least partially derived from intestinal microbial action on dietary polyphenols. | ||
|
High |
High |
No elevations | Very high dietary benzoate or precursor intake with partial conversion to hippurate. |
| Multiple elevations | Very high benzoate load, some, or all, of which is contributed by intestinal microbial action on dietary polyphenols. |
Possible treatment options:
Take appropriate steps to ensure favorable gut microflora population to normalize gut permeability. Treatment can include diet changes, pre- and probiotics, mucosal support, and possibly further testing such as a stool test or immune reactions from food.
References:
High levels of hippurate may occur if there is high consumption of whole grains or other plant foods (flavonoids, tea, coffee) or if there are higher levels of its precursor benzoate. Liver conversion of benzoate into hippurate usually occurs within 3-4 hours. Hippurate levels may also reflect liver protein metabolism, and hippurate levels may increase on a high protein diet or with amino acid supplementation. Toxic exposures (toluene, benzenes, gasoline) may increase hippurate levels. Hippurate may also increase if type II diabetes is present, or if the patient is highly stressed or anxious.
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Low levels of hippurate may occur if there are nutritional enzyme inhibitions or inherited low-activity enzyme variants present in the synthesis pathway, or if there are low levels of its precursor (plant materials). Hippurate is synthesized in the liver and kidney mitochondria from benzoate on a pathway that requires minerals and glycine. A low hippurate level with a higher benzoate level may indicate a glycine insufficiency or a defect in the glycine deportation system. Low levels of hippurate may also occur if the diet is poor in plant compounds or if there are too few beneficial bacteria in the gut. Comorbid conditions that may be associated with lower hippurate levels include inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) parasites, and obesity. Some toxic chemical exposures (hydrazine, methylene dianiline, galactosamine, chlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides) may also decrease hippurate levels.
- Low hippurate with increased benzoate may indicate a glycine deficiency or a defect in the glycine deportation system. If indicated, consider supporting the glycine deportation system with magnesium, manganese (if deficient), potassium, rubidium and glycine. Poor methylation may inhibit serine/glycine interconversion. If indicated, consider checking methylation status.
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Our database covers over 10,000 biomarkers with clear, simple explanations—so you can finally understand your results and what to do next.
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Our user-friendly form guides you through a quick, simple submission process, making it easy to enter your health metrics.
Add your results anytime with our easy entry form. It's quick, guided, and helps you stay organized — free for all members.
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See your lab reports in clear graphs and tables. Spot patterns, track changes, and compare results over time — all in one place.
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Export Your Complete Lab History
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After collecting lab results from different providers, you can download your entire history combined into a single file.
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Data Entry Service for Your Reports
Our inclusive service handles the data entry for your lab reports. Just submit your information and we'll take care of the rest. Complete plan members receive one report entered for free, then $15 per report after that. Unlimited plan members receive ten report entries for free, then $15 per report after that.
Our inclusive service handles the data entry for your lab reports. Just submit your information and we'll take care of the rest.
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Whether you're working with a doctor, nutritionist, caregiver, or wellness coach, you can securely share your complete lab history by sending an invite link to anyone you trust. You have full control over who sees your information and for how long, ensuring your privacy and peace of mind at every step.
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Healthmatters is a personal health dashboard that helps you organize and understand your lab results. It collects and displays your medical test data from any lab in one secure, easy-to-use platform.
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Healthmatters.io personal account provides in-depth research on 4000+ biomarkers, including information and suggestions for test panels such as, but not limited to:
You can combine all test reports inside your Healthmatters account and keep them in one place. It gives you an excellent overview of all your health data. Once you retest, you can add new results and compare them.
If you are still determining whether Healthmatters support your lab results, the rule is that if you can test it, you can upload it to Healthmatters.
While we work with many popular labs, we welcome reports from lots of other places too.
It's as simple as this: if you can get a test done, you can upload it to Healthmatters and we can interpret results from any lab out there. If laboratories can analyze it, we can interpret it.
If you're on the hunt for a specific biomarker, contact us and we'll add it to our database. Anything from blood, urine, saliva, or stool can be uploaded, understood, and tracked with your Healthmatters account.
The Complete Plan ($15/month) is perfect for individuals who want ongoing access to their health data. It includes unlimited lab imports, visual tracking, custom ranges, result explanations, full account exports, and secure sharing — all with a simple monthly subscription. You can cancel anytime and restart your plan whenever you're ready — your data will still be there waiting for you. You can also upgrade to the Unlimited Plan at any time, with the cost prorated based on what you've already paid.
The Unlimited Plan ($250 one-time) is also designed for individuals but offers lifetime access with no ongoing subscription. You'll get all the same features as the Complete Plan, plus a larger initial data entry allowance (10 reports), making it a great choice if you prefer a one-time payment and long-term use without monthly fees.
In short:
There are two ways to add your test reports to your Healthmatters account. One option is to input the data using the data entry forms. The other method is to utilize our "Data entry service."
Our data entry forms offer an easy, fast, and free way for you to input the reports yourself. Self-entry allows you to add an unlimited number of reports at no cost. We make the self-entry process user-friendly, providing dozens of templates that pre-populate the most popular laboratory panels and offering instant feedback on entered values.
For those who prefer assistance, we offer a "Data entry service" to help you input your data. Simply attach an image or file of your lab test results, and a qualified team member from our data entry team will add the results for you.
We support various file types, including PDFs, JPGs, or Excel. This service is particularly useful if you have many reports to upload or if you're too busy to handle the data entry yourself.
Our Data Entry Service is for when you don't want to manually type in your lab results yourself. You simply upload your report (PDF, image, or screenshot), and our trained team enters the information into your Healthmatters account for you — accurately and neatly organized, ready to view in graphs, tables, and timelines.
The $15 per report covers the time and care it takes for a real person to review your file, make sure each result is entered correctly, and double-check for accuracy. This ensures your health data is precise and easy to work with — without you having to spend the time doing it yourself.
Prefer to do it yourself? You can always use our free self-entry tool to add results manually — it just takes a bit more time and attention.
For users on the Complete monthly plan, the first report is entered free of charge, and each additional report incurs a fee of $15.
Unlimited account holders enjoy the entry of ten reports without charge. Subsequent reports are subject to a $15 fee per report.
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All professional accounts allow you to import and onboard an unlimited number of clients and their lab results. The distinction between professional plans lies solely in the data entry service.
The Pro Monthly Plus plan is priced at $75 per month and includes a data entry service for five reports each month. Additional reports can be self-entered at no extra cost or, if preferred, you can use our data entry service for an additional fee of $15 per report.
The Pro Monthly plan is priced at $45 per month and does not include a data entry service. Self-entry is free for an unlimited number of reports, and you can opt for the data entry service at a fee of $15 per report.
You also have the option to upgrade to higher monthly or to annual plans, which come with substantial discounts. All upgrades can be done directly from your account.
Simply log in and navigate to your account settings to cancel your subscription. Scroll down to locate the 'Cancel' button at the bottom of the page. Ensure you cancel at least one day before the renewal date to prevent any charges. Once cancellation is requested, the subscription remains active until the conclusion of the current billing cycle.
Our goal has been to make your Healthmatters account as intuitive as possible.
We've crafted multiple ways for you to navigate your data, whether you're glancing at a single report or delving into your historical test reports.
1. Graph View:Dive into a visual journey with our biomarker graphs, showcasing over 40 data points. Combining years of results unveils trends, empowering you to make informed decisions. Our visualization tools make it a breeze to compare and understand changes over time, even if your results are from different labs. A search function and filters simplify the exploration of extensive data, allowing you to focus on what needs attention.
2. All Tests ViewExplore neatly organized reports on a timeline, highlighting crucial details like dates, critical results, and lab/panel names. Each report opens up to reveal in-depth descriptions and additional recommendations for each biomarker. The history of previous results is just a click away, and you can download a comprehensive report for deeper insights. Color-coded and user-friendly, it's designed for easy reading, understanding, and navigation.
3. Table View:For a holistic view of all biomarkers side by side, our table view is your go-to. Results are neatly displayed in a categorized and dated table, ideal for those with an extensive test history. Utilize sorting, filters, and color-coding to enhance your analysis and gain extra insights.
Yes, you can download your information anytime. We offer two easy ways to export your lab data:
This makes it simple to save, back up, or share your health data whenever you need.
Yes, you can print your report. To do so, navigate to "All tests" and open the report you wish to print. You'll find a print button in the right corner of the report. Click on it, and your browser's print window will open. If you prefer to print in a bigger typeface, adjust the scale using the print window settings.
Yes, you can! We highly recommend activating Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) for your account. To do so, please navigate to the "Profile and Security" section of your account, where you will find instructions for activating 2FA.
Yes, you can. When entering values for the biomarker, you will see an "Edit Range" button. Click this button, and you'll have the option to enter a custom range.
A personal account is all about keeping your own lab test results in check. It's just for you and your personal use.
The professional account is designed for health professionals who wish to track and organize their clients' laboratory results.
To learn more about Healthmatters Pro, please refer to the professional page.
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