Methionine is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in the methylation cycle. Methionine is obtained from dietary intake or through homocysteine remethylation. Methionine’s dietary sources include eggs, fish, meats, Brazil nuts, and other plant seeds. Methionine is converted to the body’s main methyl donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). This conversion requires the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT).

Methionine is an essential amino acid that plays an important role in the methylation cycle. Methionine is obtained from dietary intake or through homocysteine remethylation. Methionine’s dietary sources include eggs, fish, meats, Brazil nuts, and other plant seeds. Methionine is converted to the body’s main methyl donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). This conversion requires the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT).

Methionine is an essential amino acid, meaning we need to get it from our diet as our body does not produce it. Methionine is a unique sulfur-containing amino acid that can be used to build proteins and produce many molecules in the body.

Methionine is an essential amino acid, meaning we need to get it from our diet as our body does not produce it. Methionine is a unique sulfur-containing amino acid that can be used to build proteins and produce many molecules in the body.

The Methyl Histamine to Creatinine Ratio (Methyl Histamine/Crea. ratio) is a clinical biomarker used primarily to assess histamine metabolism and to indirectly gauge mast cell activity. Methyl histamine is a metabolite of histamine, a key inflammatory mediator involved in allergic reactions, immune responses, and physiological regulation, such as in gastric acid secretion and neurotransmission.

Methyl-Succinic Acid is a compound measured in urine that provides valuable insights into the metabolic processes occurring within the body. It is a key biomarker for evaluating mitochondrial function, which is crucial for energy production in cells. Specifically, elevated levels of Methyl-Succinic Acid can indicate issues with the body's ability to break down certain types of fats. This can be related to a deficiency in specific enzymes involved in the Krebs cycle, an essential energy-producing pathway.

Compares 8 different biomarkers
– 4 biomarkers with a methyl group to give
– 4 biomarkers that have had a methyl group removed

The clinical utility of the Methylation Balance Ratio is that it represents a potential way to detect subtle methylation imbalance prior to alterations in the SAM/SAH ratio.

Methylated Metabolites are:
- SAM 
- Methionine 
- Betaine 
- Serine

Un-Methylated Metabolites are:
- SAH 
- Homocysteine 
- DMG 
- Sarcosine

The SAM/SAH ratio is commonly referred to as the “Methylation Index” in the literature and has well- documented clinical associations.

Global methylation is dependent on two key factors: adequate SAM supply and SAH removal.

The SAM/SAH ratio has been proposed to indicate the likelihood of hyper- or hypo-methylation. 

Overall, the SAM/SAH ratio is under tight homeostatic control. SAM levels remain fairly stable due to denovo synthesis and feedback mechanisms. Given this, alterations in the methylation index are more likely a result of SAH fluctuations.

A comparison of 2-Methoxyestrone with 2OHE1 allows insight into methylation pathways. If the methylation ratio is on the low end of the reference range, consider adding supplements to improve methylation. If needed, consider further testing for methylation defects.

Methylcitric is an organic acids that reflects decreased activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase.

Methylcitric is an organic acids that reflects decreased activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase.

Methylcitric is an organic acids that reflects decreased activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase.

Methylcitric is an organic acids that reflects decreased activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase.

Reduced methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme activity is a genetic risk factor for hyperhomocysteinemia, especially when present with low serum folate levels. Two common variants in the MTHFR gene result in reduced enzyme activity. The "thermolabile" variant C677T [NM 005957.3: c.665C>T (p.A222V)] and A1298C [c. 1286A>C (p.E429A)] occur frequently in the general population.

Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is a substance produced in very small amounts and is necessary for human metabolism and energy production. In one step of metabolism, vitamin B12 promotes the conversion of methylmalonyl CoA (a form of MMA) to succinyl Coenzyme A. If there is not enough B12 available, then the MMA concentration begins to rise, resulting in an increase of MMA in the blood and urine. The measurement of elevated amounts of methylmalonic acid in the blood or urine serves as a sensitive and early indicator of vitamin B12 deficiency.

Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is a substance produced in very small amounts and is necessary for human metabolism and energy production.

Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is a substance produced in very small amounts and is necessary for human metabolism and energy production.