Roridin A is a macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Stachybotrys chartarum, commonly known as “black mold.” This mold thrives in damp, water-damaged buildings and can also contaminate grains, straw, and other plant materials.

Among trichothecenes, Roridin A is considered one of the most toxic, with powerful effects on human cells.

A moderate level of Roridin A in urine suggests recent exposure to black mold (Stachybotrys chartarum), most often from spending time in a water-damaged building or handling contaminated grains or straw. This level indicates your body is processing more of this toxin than expected, but not at the highest or most concerning range. Moderate results do not usually signal acute poisoning, but they do mean ongoing exposure may be adding to your toxic burden. Over time, this can contribute to respiratory irritation, fatigue, brain fog, or immune suppression. Reducing mold exposure in your environment and supporting detox pathways can help bring levels back toward the optimal range and protect long-term health.

Roridin E is a macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxin produced by several fungi, including Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and especially Stachybotrys chartarum—better known as “black mold.”

These toxic molds often contaminate grains such as wheat, oats, and maize, but Stachybotrys also thrives indoors in damp, water-damaged buildings, making indoor exposure a major concern. Roridin E and other trichothecenes are considered among the most potent mold toxins—so harmful that some have been studied as potential biological warfare agents.

A moderate level of Roridin E in urine suggests recent exposure to trichothecene-producing molds, most often from contaminated grains or from indoor black mold (Stachybotrys) in a damp or water-damaged building. This result indicates your body is processing more of this toxin than expected, though not at the highest or most dangerous range. While moderate levels don’t usually point to acute poisoning, they may still contribute to your overall toxic burden and can be linked to symptoms such as digestive upset, fatigue, headaches, brain fog, or immune weakness. Reducing exposure to moldy environments and contaminated food sources, while supporting detox pathways, can help bring levels back toward the optimal range and protect long-term health.

Roridin E is a macrocyclic trichothecene produced by the mold species Fusarium, Myrothecium, and Stachybotrys (i.e. black mold).  Trichothecenes are frequently found in buildings with water damage but can also be found in contaminated grain.

Roridin H is produced mainly by Stachybotrys and categorized as a trichothecene mycotoxin. There are reports showing the involvement of these trichothecene in the development of 'sick building syndrome'. These trichothecenes were found in air samples in the ventilation systems of private houses and office buildings, and on the walls of houses with high humidity. The symptoms of airborne toxicosis disappeared when the buildings and ventilation systems were thoroughly cleaned.

Roseburia is a genus (=group) of 5 species of bacteria named in the 1980s after American microbiologist Theodor Rosebury. Bacteria in this genus are notable for breaking down sugar, and producing a short-chain fatty acid called butyrate which is important as a food for the cells lining the colon.

Roseburia homini is a gram-negative or gram-variable, anaerobic bacterium. Being a butyrate-producing bacterium, the derived anti-inflammatory proprieties have been inversely associated to the active status of Crohn’s disease. Decreased abundance of R. hominis has been also associated to IBS and colorectal carcinogenesis. Roseburia negatively correlates with plasma glucose in T2D patients, suggesting a possible role in glucose homeostasis. Lower levels of Roseburia have been detected in subjects affected by Parkinson’s diseases and gallstones.

Roseburia intestinalis is a bacterium commonly found in the human gut and is known for its role in producing butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that has beneficial effects on gut health. In a gastrointestinal (GI) test, the presence and levels of Roseburia intestinalis can provide insights into the health of the gut microbiome.

A genus of Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria in the Clostridia class that inhabit the human colon. The Roseburia genus has five well-characterized species, all of which produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Roseburia can also produce butyrate from acetate promoting balance in energy homeostasis. The genus is widely recognized to influence colonic motility, support immunity, and suppress inflammation.

Roseburia is a genus (=group) of 5 species of bacteria named in the 1980s after American microbiologist Theodor Rosebury. Bacteria in this genus are notable for breaking down sugar, and producing a short-chain fatty acid called butyrate which is important as a food for the cells lining the colon.

Rotavirus is a double-stranded RNA virus that is commonly associated with gastroenteritis in children. Repeated infections with rotavirus can lead to viral replication in intestinal cells. Changes in intestinal cells leads to intestinal barrier dysfunction, increased intestinal permeability and the easy translocation of environmental immunogens into circulation. Pathogenic rotavirus has been linked to various disorders such as Celiac disease and type 1 diabetes.

What if your result is "EQUIVOCAL"?

An "equivocal" result means that the test results are uncertain or inconclusive. This can happen for several reasons, such as the amount of antibodies being at the threshold level where it's difficult to clearly determine if it's a positive or negative result. Here’s what you might consider doing next:

→ Repeat the Test: Often, an equivocal result leads to a recommendation to repeat the test after some time. This allows your body more time to develop a clearer immune response that can be more easily measured.

→ Consult Your Healthcare Provider: Discuss the results with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on the implications of your test results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

→ Monitor Symptoms: If you are experiencing symptoms that led to the testing, keep track of them and inform your healthcare provider. This can help in determining the next steps in your medical care.

→ Consider Additional Testing: Your doctor might suggest additional tests to rule out or confirm the presence of Rotavirus or other pathogens, especially if you show symptoms consistent with an infection.

Understanding the context and the implications of an equivocal result is best handled by healthcare professionals who can provide personalized advice based on your overall health condition.

Rotavirus affects the intestines and causes vomiting and diarrhea. This infection is especially common in young children, but it can affect adults, too. A rotavirus infection causes a condition called viral gastroenteritis. 

Rotaviruses are classified into seven serogroups (A-G); however, only groups A, B, and C are human pathogens.

The Group A Rotaviruses are responsible for the majority of infections.

Globally, Rotavirus is estimated to cause more than 125 million cases of gastroenteritis in children each year. Rotavirus symptoms can include non-bloody watery diarrhea, loss of appetite, low-grade fever, vomiting and abdominal cramping. Symptoms may be severe in infants, young children and virus may shed after resolution. While Rotavirus predominately infects children, it can also affect adults, and produces a more severe disease in immuno-compromised hosts. Transmission is via direct contact or fecal-oral via contaminated objects, food or water (drinking or recreational). Incubation period is typically two days and virus may shed prior to symptom presentation. Anti-emetics may be considered for children > 6 months old. Studies indicate that zinc may reduce severity of illness. The scientific literature does not currently support any specific herbal or nutritional antiviral therapies for this virus type. Lactobacillus casei GG and Saccharomyces boulardii may provide moderate clinical benefit in the treatment of watery diarrhea.

Human rotaviruses belong to the family of Reoviridae. Rotavirus is a double-stranded RNA virus that is commonly associated with gastroenteritis in children.

Known Cross-Reactions: Pollen allergen of Parietaria

Imbalanced bacteria are usually neither pathogenic nor beneficial to the host GI tract. Imbalances can occur when there are insufficient levels of beneficial bacteria and increased levels of commensal bacteria. Certain commensal bacteria are reported as dysbiotic at higher levels.