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Optimal range: 10 - 36 mmol/mol creatinine
cis-Aconitate is involved in both energy production and removal of toxic ammonia.
Optimal range: 10 - 36 mmol/mol creatinine
A two-carbon group from Acetyl-CoA is transferred to oxaloacetate to form citric acid. Citric acid is then converted to isocitric acid through a cis-aconitic intermediate using the enzyme aconitase. Aconitase is an iron-sulfate protein that controls iron homeostasis.
Optimal range: 126.3 - 668.9 nmol/mg Creatinine
Cis-Aconitic Acid is involved in both energy production and removal of toxic ammonia.
Optimal range: 12.6 - 38.8 ug/mg CR
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 10 - 36 mmol/mol creatinine
Cis-Aconitic Acid is involved in both energy production and removal of toxic ammonia.
Optimal range: 18 - 78 ug/mgCR
Cis-Aconitic Acid is involved in both energy production and removal of toxic ammonia.
Optimal range: 0 - 5.8 mmol/mol creatinine
Citramalic acid and tartaric acid are yeast metabolites that are also influenced by dietary intake of fruits, wine, and sugars.
Optimal range: 0 - 3.6 mmol/mol creatinine
Metabolite of yeast or anaerobic bacteria, including Clostridia.
Optimal range: 0.11 - 2 mmol/mol creatinine
Metabolite of yeast or anaerobic bacteria, including Clostridia.
Optimal range: 0 - 5 mmol/mol creatinine
LEARN MOREOptimal range: 0 - 5.8 mmol/mol creatinine
Metabolite of yeast or anaerobic bacteria, including Clostridia.
Optimal range: 0 - 5.8 mmol/mol creatinine
Citramalic acid and tartaric acid are yeast metabolites that are also influenced by dietary intake of fruits, wine, and sugars.
Optimal range: 40 - 520 mmol/mol creatinine
Citric acid, cis-aconitic acid, and isocitric acid are the first three metabolites in the Krebs Citric Acid energy production cycle, which operates in the mitochondria of your cells.
Optimal range: 71.3 - 772.63 ug/mg creatinine
Citrate holds significant importance in metabolic assessments and clinical evaluations. This molecule plays a central role in energy metabolism as it is an essential component of the Citric Acid Cycle (CAC), also known as the Krebs cycle, which is a crucial process in cellular respiration. Citrate serves as the starting point in the CAC, where it undergoes a series of enzymatic reactions to generate ATP, the cell's primary energy currency.
Optimal range: 56 - 987 mcg/mg creatinine
Citric acid, cis-aconitic acid, and isocitric acid are the first three metabolites in the Krebs Citric Acid energy production cycle, which operates in the mitochondria of your cells.
Optimal range: 160 - 786 mg/g Crea
Citrate is a key organic acid and an essential intermediate in the citric acid (Krebs) cycle, the core metabolic pathway responsible for producing energy (ATP) within the mitochondria. On the Neurotransmitter XL panel, citrate is used as a functional marker of mitochondrial health and oxidative metabolism, reflecting how efficiently the body converts nutrients into usable cellular energy.
Because mitochondrial energy generation directly supports neurotransmitter synthesis, stress resilience, and detoxification, citrate levels can provide crucial insight into whether energy metabolism is functioning optimally—or if it’s being impaired by oxidative stress, inflammation, or nutrient deficiencies.
Optimal range: 24 - 1174 mmol/mol creatinine
Citric acid, cis-aconitic acid, and isocitric acid are the first three metabolites in the Krebs Citric Acid energy production cycle, which operates in the mitochondria of your cells.
Optimal range: 0 - 507 mmol/mol creatinine
Citric acid, cis-aconitic acid, and isocitric acid are the first three metabolites in the Krebs Citric Acid energy production cycle, which operates in the mitochondria of your cells.
