Other names: % Neutrophil, POLYS, ABS. COUNT, POLYS
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell (WBC) in your body, making them a vital component of your immune system. Produced in the bone marrow, these specialized cells travel through the bloodstream to detect and fight infections, as well as assist in healing damaged tissues. Their ability to respond rapidly to infections or injuries makes them your body’s first line of defense against harmful invaders such as bacteria and viruses.
Neutrophils are phagocytic cells, meaning they engulf and destroy harmful microorganisms at the site of an infection or injury. Once they identify pathogens, neutrophils trap and digest these invaders. They also release enzymes that trigger inflammation, which is why swelling, redness, or warmth often occurs when your body is fighting off an infection.
Despite their critical role, neutrophils have a short lifespan of less than 24 hours. To maintain their numbers, your bone marrow constantly produces new neutrophils, ensuring a continuous supply to protect your body.
Neutrophils are a subset of leukocytes, also known as white blood cells. While white blood cells make up only 1% of your total cells, they are indispensable for immune health. Among the various types of leukocytes, neutrophils are the most prevalent, accounting for 50-80% of the total.
Leukocytes are broadly categorized into three main groups:
Each type of leukocyte plays a specific role in protecting your body, with neutrophils serving as the frontline defenders against infections.
Measuring your neutrophil count provides critical insights into your immune health. A standard test called the Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) measures the number of neutrophils in your blood. The normal ANC range for adults is 2,500–6,000 neutrophils per microliter of blood. Deviations from this range may indicate underlying health issues:
Regular monitoring of your neutrophil count helps your healthcare provider assess the overall state of your immune system and detect potential health problems early.
When an infection or injury occurs, neutrophils are the first immune cells to arrive at the scene. They act quickly to neutralize harmful bacteria and pathogens through a process called phagocytosis, where they trap, ingest, and digest the invaders. In addition to direct pathogen destruction, neutrophils release chemical signals that recruit other immune cells, amplifying the body’s immune response.
This rapid and coordinated response is crucial in preventing the spread of infection and promoting tissue repair.
Neutrophils are an essential part of your immune system, serving as your body’s frontline defenders against infection and injury. Understanding the importance of these cells and monitoring your neutrophil count through regular blood tests can help detect immune-related issues early. Whether it’s fighting off bacteria, aiding in tissue healing, or signaling other immune cells, neutrophils play a central role in maintaining your overall health.
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Neutrophilia refers to an elevated number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, as detected on a complete blood count (CBC) test. Neutrophils play a key role in your immune system by fighting infections and responding to inflammation. An increased neutrophil count can occur due to various physiological, pathological, and environmental factors.
Shift neutrophilia is typically transient and occurs when neutrophils move from the marginal pool (lining blood vessel walls) into the circulating blood. It is commonly triggered by:
This type of neutrophilia usually lasts only 20-30 minutes and does not involve an increased production of neutrophils from the bone marrow.
True neutrophilia involves an actual increase in neutrophil production by the bone marrow, often in response to infections or inflammation. During early infections, neutrophil counts may temporarily drop as cells migrate to the site of infection.
Acute infections caused by various pathogens can lead to neutrophilia. Examples include:
Neutrophilia is also commonly seen in conditions such as:
However, certain infections like typhoid fever, tuberculosis, mumps, and measles typically do not cause neutrophilia.
Non-infectious conditions that can result in neutrophilia include:
In cases like severe burns, neutrophilia is accompanied by a "shift to the left," with immature neutrophil forms (bands) and degenerative changes such as toxic granulation or Dohle bodies. During cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, neutrophil activation occurs due to interleukin-8 (IL-8) and complement system activation, contributing to inflammatory responses.
Metabolic and toxic triggers for neutrophilia include:
Neutrophilia is often associated with blood-related disorders, including:
Rapidly growing tumors may also cause neutrophilia due to the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
Transient neutrophilia can occur in:
Rare hereditary conditions can lead to chronic or persistent neutrophilia, including:
Additional triggers include:
Neutrophilia is a condition with diverse causes ranging from infections and inflammation to genetic mutations and physiological triggers. Understanding the underlying cause is essential for proper diagnosis and management. If a CBC test reveals elevated neutrophil levels, further investigation by a healthcare provider can help determine the specific cause and guide appropriate treatment.
Anthony
Unlimited Plan Member since 2021
I have been using Healthmatters.io since 2021. I travel all over the world and use different doctors and health facilities. This site has allowed me to consolidate all my various test results over 14 years in one place. And every doctor that I show this to has been impressed. Because with any health professional I talk to, I can pull up historical results in seconds. It is invaluable. Even going back to the same doctor, they usually do not have the historical results from their facility in a graph format. That has been very helpful.
Karin
Advanced Plan Member since 2020
What fantastic service and great, easy-to-follow layouts! I love your website; it makes it so helpful to see patterns in my health data. It's truly a pleasure to use. I only wish the NHS was as organized and quick as Healthmatters.io. You've set a new standard for health tracking!
Paul
Healthmatters Pro Member since 2024
As a PRO member and medical practitioner, Healthmatters.io has been an invaluable tool for tracking my clients' data. The layout is intuitive, making it easy to monitor trends and spot patterns over time. The ability to customize reports and charts helps me present information clearly to my clients, improving communication and outcomes. It's streamlined my workflow, saving me time and providing insights at a glance. Highly recommended for any practitioner looking for a comprehensive and user-friendly solution to track patient labs!
Neutropenia is a condition characterized by an abnormally low level of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting infections.
Without the protection provided by neutrophils, the body struggles to control infections, which can become life-threatening. When neutropenia is accompanied by fever or signs of infection, antibiotics are typically administered to manage the risk.
Neutropenia is diagnosed through a blood test to measure the neutrophil count. If the cause of neutropenia is unclear, a bone marrow sample may also be required for further investigation.
Treatment for neutropenia depends on its underlying cause and severity. Common treatment approaches include:
Neutropenia is classified based on neutrophil count levels:
When neutrophil counts fall below 500/mcL, the risk of infection increases significantly, and even harmless bacteria in the body may cause serious infections.
Neutropenia can result from two primary mechanisms:
Increased Destruction or Usage of Neutrophils:
Decreased Neutrophil Production in Bone Marrow:
Some rare hereditary disorders, such as cyclic neutropenia or severe congenital neutropenia, also result in low neutrophil counts.
Neutropenia itself does not typically cause symptoms, but it makes individuals more susceptible to infections. Signs of infection include:
In cyclic neutropenia, symptoms may come and go as neutrophil levels fluctuate.
Treatment depends on the severity and cause of neutropenia:
Infections in people with severe neutropenia can quickly become life-threatening. Immediate hospitalization and strong antibiotics are critical when fever or infection is present.
While inborn types of neutropenia cannot be prevented, you can take precautions to reduce the risk of infections:
For those undergoing chemotherapy, healthcare providers may delay treatment, lower the dose, or prescribe G-CSF injections to increase neutrophil levels.
Neutropenia is a serious condition that compromises your immune system’s ability to fight infections. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for neutropenia is crucial for managing the condition effectively. By taking preventive measures and seeking immediate medical attention for signs of infection, individuals with neutropenia can reduce the risk of complications and improve their overall health.
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Anthony
Unlimited Plan Member since 2021
I have been using Healthmatters.io since 2021. I travel all over the world and use different doctors and health facilities. This site has allowed me to consolidate all my various test results over 14 years in one place. And every doctor that I show this to has been impressed. Because with any health professional I talk to, I can pull up historical results in seconds. It is invaluable. Even going back to the same doctor, they usually do not have the historical results from their facility in a graph format. That has been very helpful.
Karin
Advanced Plan Member since 2020
What fantastic service and great, easy-to-follow layouts! I love your website; it makes it so helpful to see patterns in my health data. It's truly a pleasure to use. I only wish the NHS was as organized and quick as Healthmatters.io. You've set a new standard for health tracking!
Paul
Healthmatters Pro Member since 2024
As a PRO member and medical practitioner, Healthmatters.io has been an invaluable tool for tracking my clients' data. The layout is intuitive, making it easy to monitor trends and spot patterns over time. The ability to customize reports and charts helps me present information clearly to my clients, improving communication and outcomes. It's streamlined my workflow, saving me time and providing insights at a glance. Highly recommended for any practitioner looking for a comprehensive and user-friendly solution to track patient labs!
Healthmatters is a highly-personalized health dashboard.
Instead of searching for your lab results in different places or tracking them down from different providers, Healthmatters houses, organizes, and interprets them all in one central location.
With a Healthmatters account, you can dive into the details of each biomarker and gain insights into the meaning behind your medical test data, anytime, anywhere.
For our professional users, Healthmatters provides intuitive tools that not only streamline analysis but also save valuable time when delving into your client's lab report history.
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Yes, you can. When entering values for the biomarker, you will see an "Edit Range" button. Click this button, and you'll have the option to enter a custom range.
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ABSOLUTE BAND NEUTROPHILS, ABSOLUTE METAMYELOCYTES, ABSOLUTE MYELOCYTES, Atypical Lymphocytes, Atypical Lymphocytes (x10*9/L), Band Neutrophils (%), Basophils (Absolute), Basophils (Percent), Eosinophils "Eos" (Absolute), Eosinophils "Eos" (Percent), GRAN# (Absolute Granulocyte Count), Gran% (Granulocyte Percentage), Lymphocytes "Lymphs" (Absolute), Lymphocytes "Lymphs" (Percent), METAMYELOCYTES (%), MID#, MID%, Monocytes (Absolute), Monocytes (Percent), Myelocytes, Neut/Lymph Ratio, Neutrophils (Absolute), Neutrophils (Percent), Polymorphs (Absolute), Polymorphs (Percentage), Segmented Neutrophils, Segmented Neutrophils (Percent)
