Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone, is a cofactor, electron carrier, and antioxidant. It is a critical component of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. Inadequate amounts of CoQ10 lead to a failure of mitochondria to produce cellular energy. Coenzyme Q10 is found in all membranes and is carried by various cholesterol components in the bloodstream including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Total coenzyme Q10 is measured in hemolyzed blood, which means the blood cells are broken apart prior to analysis. The coenzyme Q10 test is primarily used to diagnose of coenzyme Q10 deficiency in mitochondrial disorders. It may also be used to monitor treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Sources:
https://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/63148
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19096117
What does it mean if your Coenzyme Q10, Total result is too high?
What Does a High Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) Level Mean?
If your lab results show a high level of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), it’s most likely due to supplement use. It’s very uncommon for CoQ10 levels to become elevated through food alone.
Typical Reference Range (Serum/Plasma):
-
Normal range:
0.5 – 1.7 µg/mL -
Elevated:
Levels above 2.0 µg/mL are generally considered high, especially if you're not taking CoQ10 supplements.
What Causes High CoQ10?
High CoQ10 levels are almost always the result of oral supplements, which are commonly taken for energy, cardiovascular health, or to offset side effects from statin medications.
Although CoQ10 is a fat-soluble nutrient, it does not continue to build up in the body once supplementation stops. The body regulates its levels and can break down and eliminate excess amounts over time.
Is a High CoQ10 Level Harmful?
Currently, there’s no strong evidence that moderately elevated levels of CoQ10 are harmful in healthy individuals. However, the long-term effects of very high doses (typically > 3–5 µg/mL from high-dose supplementation) haven't been thoroughly studied. If your CoQ10 level is significantly elevated, it’s a good idea to discuss your supplement use with your healthcare provider.
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What does it mean if your Coenzyme Q10, Total result is too low?
Coenzyme Q 10 deficiency may occur in three ways: primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency, secondary coenzyme Q10 deficiency, or related to another drug or disease. Primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency is rare and caused by genetic disorder that affects the CoQ10 molecule. Secondary coenzyme Q 10 deficiency, on the other hand, is caused by a problem in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial diseases cause a variety of symptoms but most are related to muscle weakness and neurological symptoms. This can lead to breathing problems, heart muscle problems, seizures, and cognitive problems.
Some specific causes of low coenzyme Q10 levels are:
- Mitochondrial diseases
- Primary CoQ10 deficiency (rare)
- Secondary CoQ10 deficiency
- Cerebellar ataxia
- Severe infantile multisystem disease
- Nephropathy
- Isolated myopathy
- Encephalomyopathy
- Statin use
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