Optimal Result:
0 - 25 ng/g creatinine.
Dihydrocitrinone (DHC) is the main substance your body makes after it has been exposed to citrinin (CIT or CTN)—a toxin produced by certain molds, especially Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Monascus. Your kidneys filter DHC into your urine, so finding DHC on a urine test (like the MycoTOX Profile™) is a sign that your body has recently encountered citrinin and is clearing it.
Common exposure routes include:
Food: stored grains/cereals, spices, herbal products, and fermented foods; Monascus/red yeast rice products can carry citrinin as an unwanted contaminant.
Air & dust: inhalation in damp/water-damaged buildings or dusty indoor spaces.
Skin contact: far less common, but possible.
Key idea: DHC in urine = evidence of recent citrinin exposure that your body is excreting. It does not tell you precisely where the exposure came from.
Sensitive biomarker of exposure: DHC is the major urinary metabolite of citrinin and is widely used in human biomonitoring studies. Detecting it in urine reflects recent intake/exposure.
Public health relevance: Surveys in Europe and elsewhere commonly detect CIT and/or DHC in a large share of urine samples, indicating that low-level dietary exposure is widespread.
Kidney focus: Citrinin is best known for its kidney (nephrotoxic) effects; experimental work links its toxicity to mitochondrial dysfunction/oxidative stress in kidney cells.
The MycoTOX Profile™ (Mosaic Diagnostics) is a urine test that measures multiple mycotoxins, including citrinin via its metabolite DHC.
Results are creatinine-corrected to reduce the impact of how diluted or concentrated your urine is (e.g., from hydration differences). This improves the reliability of comparisons over time.
Dietary sources: foods from the citrinin literature include grains and cereals, spices/herbs, and Monascus/red yeast rice products (a potential contaminant in some supplements/foods).
Indoor environments: water-damaged buildings and dust can contribute to inhalation exposure; this test cannot identify the location of the source.
Co-exposures: citrinin can occur alongside other mycotoxins; some research explores combined effects with ochratoxin A (OTA), so your clinician may view your DHC result in the context of the full panel.
Always interpret results with your clinician; the following is educational, not medical advice.
Undetectable / very low DHC: Suggests minimal recent exposure or effective clearance. Keep healthy storage and environmental habits.
Borderline / slightly elevated DHC: May reflect recent dietary exposure (e.g., spice/heavy-grain meals or a red yeast rice supplement). Consider diet and environment review; retest after changes.
Elevated to high DHC: Indicates meaningful recent exposure. Work with your clinician to:
Review diet (including supplements that contain or may be contaminated with red yeast rice) and how foods are stored.
Screen your indoor environment (home/work) for moisture intrusion or visible mold and address sources.
Recheck in 4–8 weeks after interventions to confirm trends.
Evidence shows creatinine-indexed urine values help track change over time more reliably than raw concentrations.
Citrinin’s primary target is the kidney, where it can impair mitochondrial function and increase membrane permeability in experimental models. Regulatory reviews characterize citrinin as nephrotoxic and set conservative intake reference values due to limited human dose-response data. Animal and mechanistic studies also discuss genotoxic/embryotoxic signals, which is why minimizing exposure is advised.
Food & supplements
Avoid/limit red yeast rice products unless medically indicated and quality-controlled; citrinin contamination is a known issue.
Rotate grains and cereals; do not consume food that smells musty or shows spoilage. Store grains/flours/spices cool, dry, and sealed.
Buy from reputable brands with robust quality testing; be cautious with informal/herbal products lacking batch controls.
Home & workplace
Address leaks, humidity, and condensation; fix water damage quickly.
Improve ventilation and consider HEPA filtration for particulates/dust.
Professional inspection may be warranted if you suspect hidden moisture/mold (the urine test doesn’t identify the building source).
General
Support good hydration and nutrition; while creatinine correction reduces urine-dilution effects in reporting, avoiding extreme over- or under-hydration before sample collection is still sensible.
If your DHC was elevated, many clinicians retest after diet/environment changes to document improvement.
Consider viewing DHC alongside other mycotoxins on the panel to understand the broader exposure pattern.
Is DHC the same as citrinin?
No. DHC is the metabolite your body makes from citrinin; measuring DHC in urine is a practical way to see recent citrinin exposure.
Does a high DHC level mean kidney damage?
Not necessarily. DHC reflects exposure, not injury. However, because citrinin is nephrotoxic in experimental studies, reducing exposure and following up with your clinician is recommended.
Where does citrinin most often come from?
Typically foods (grains/cereals, spices, some fermented products) and, less predictably, red yeast rice supplements if contaminated. Environmental sources include damp buildings.
How common is measurable DHC?
Human biomonitoring surveys in Europe have frequently detected CIT and/or DHC in urine, indicating widespread low-level exposure, largely from diet.
Does hydration change my number?
The MycoTOX Profile indexes results to creatinine, which helps correct for urine dilution and makes results more comparable over time.
Mechanism: mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are central to citrinin’s toxicity in kidney and liver cells.
Risk benchmarks: EFSA identifies nephrotoxicity as the critical effect and has derived conservative reference values for human exposure; citrinin contamination of Monascus/red yeast rice products is specifically noted in risk reviews.
Co-occurrence: Studies explore combined effects of citrinin with ochratoxin A (OTA), underlining the value of looking at the whole mycotoxin pattern rather than a single analyte.
Mosaic Diagnostics. MycoTOX Profile™ overview and creatinine correction FAQs. (MosaicDX)
Faisal Z, et al. Dihydrocitrinone as the major urinary metabolite of citrinin in humans. (PMC)
Kamle M, et al. Citrinin contamination in food/feed and producing species. (PMC)
EFSA & UK COT summaries on citrinin nephrotoxicity and levels of no concern. (European Food Safety Authority)
Degen GH, et al. CIT/DHC in German children and adults—widespread dietary exposure. (MDPI)
Twaruzek M, et al. Red yeast rice supplements as a potential source of citrinin. (PMC)
Treating an elevated DHC is primarily about removing the exposure source. DHC reflects recent citrinin exposure, not necessarily a fungal infection in the body. Most people improve by tightening food/supplement quality and fixing moisture/mold issues in indoor spaces.
Itraconazole, nystatin, etc. are for confirmed fungal infections, prescribed by a clinician after diagnosis.
They are not standard treatments for mycotoxin exposure itself (like citrinin). Don’t start or stop prescription medications without your clinician’s guidance.
After changes to diet/supplements and environment, retest in 6–12 weeks to confirm DHC is trending down.
If remediation will take longer (e.g., building repairs), retest once those steps are complete.
Inspect and rotate dry goods: Discard grains, flours, cereals, nuts, and spices/herbs that are musty, discolored, or clumped. Buy smaller amounts and rotate stock.
Store smart: Keep dry goods cool, dry, and sealed. Avoid long storage in warm/humid areas.
Choose reputable brands: This matters for nuts, nut butters, and spices—processing/roasting doesn’t guarantee safety.
Check red yeast rice (Monascus) products: Citrinin can be an unwanted contaminant. Prefer quality-controlled brands or pause use and discuss alternatives with your clinician.
Diversify the diet: A varied diet reduces the chance of repeat exposure from a single food category.
Find and fix moisture: Address leaks, condensation, and water damage promptly; dehumidify to ~40–50% RH where needed.
Improve air & dust control: Ventilate well; consider HEPA filtration for particulates; vacuum with HEPA and damp-wipe dusty surfaces.
Professional help: If you suspect hidden moisture or persistent musty odors, consider an assessment by qualified indoor environmental professionals.
Some clinicians consider the following as adjuncts while you remove sources. Evidence quality for lowering DHC specifically is limited, so discuss with your clinician:
Adsorbents (“binders”) such as activated charcoal (time away from medications/supplements due to interference).
Probiotics to support gut barrier and regularity.
Nutritional antioxidants (e.g., glutathione or precursors) as part of a balanced plan.
Herbal antimicrobials (e.g., oregano oil) are not a substitute for source control and may not be necessary without a diagnosed infection.
Priority remains source removal (diet + environment). Adjuncts, if used, should be individualized and supervised.
You’re pregnant, trying to conceive, or have kidney disease.
You have persistent high DHC despite remediation.
You also have other elevated mycotoxins or concerning symptoms.
Does: Indicate recent exposure that your body is excreting.
Doesn’t: Identify the exact source or prove organ damage. That’s why the combination of diet/supplement audit, environmental check, and retesting is key.
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Our database covers over 10,000 biomarkers with clear, simple explanations—so you can finally understand your results and what to do next.
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Enter Your Lab Reports — Always Free
If you'd like to handle inputting your health data into your account, you can do so with our easy-to-use data entry forms. Our user-friendly form is designed to guide you through the quick and easy submission process, making it simple to keep track of your health metrics. This is available to both Complete plan and Unlimited plan members.
Our user-friendly form guides you through a quick, simple submission process, making it easy to enter your health metrics.
Add your results anytime with our easy entry form. It's quick, guided, and helps you stay organized — free for all members.
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View your lab data through easy-to-read graphs and tables. Quickly spot patterns, track changes, and compare results across different dates — all without digging through multiple reports. You can also select and compare graphs of specific biomarkers side-by-side to better understand how they relate and change over time.
See your lab reports in clear graphs and tables. Spot patterns, track changes, and compare results over time — all in one place.
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Export Your Complete Lab History
After collecting lab results from different providers, you can download your entire history combined into a single file. Choose from PDF, Excel, or CSV formats to easily review, share, or get a second opinion—no more juggling multiple reports.
After collecting lab results from different providers, you can download your entire history combined into a single file.
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Data Entry Service for Your Reports
Our inclusive service handles the data entry for your lab reports. Just submit your information and we'll take care of the rest. Complete plan members receive one report entered for free, then $15 per report after that. Unlimited plan members receive ten report entries for free, then $15 per report after that.
Our inclusive service handles the data entry for your lab reports. Just submit your information and we'll take care of the rest.
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Whether you're working with a doctor, nutritionist, caregiver, or wellness coach, you can securely share your complete lab history by sending an invite link to anyone you trust. You have full control over who sees your information and for how long, ensuring your privacy and peace of mind at every step.
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As a PRO member and medical practitioner, Healthmatters.io has been an invaluable tool for tracking my clients' data. The layout is intuitive, making it easy to monitor trends and spot patterns over time. The ability to customize reports and charts helps me present information clearly to my clients, improving communication and outcomes. It's streamlined my workflow, saving me time and providing insights at a glance. Highly recommended for any practitioner looking for a comprehensive and user-friendly solution to track patient labs!
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Healthmatters is a personal health dashboard that helps you organize and understand your lab results. It collects and displays your medical test data from any lab in one secure, easy-to-use platform.
With a Healthmatters account, you can:
Professionals can also analyze client data more efficiently and save time managing lab reports.
Healthmatters.io personal account provides in-depth research on 4000+ biomarkers, including information and suggestions for test panels such as, but not limited to:
You can combine all test reports inside your Healthmatters account and keep them in one place. It gives you an excellent overview of all your health data. Once you retest, you can add new results and compare them.
If you are still determining whether Healthmatters support your lab results, the rule is that if you can test it, you can upload it to Healthmatters.
While we work with many popular labs, we welcome reports from lots of other places too.
It's as simple as this: if you can get a test done, you can upload it to Healthmatters and we can interpret results from any lab out there. If laboratories can analyze it, we can interpret it.
If you're on the hunt for a specific biomarker, contact us and we'll add it to our database. Anything from blood, urine, saliva, or stool can be uploaded, understood, and tracked with your Healthmatters account.
The Complete Plan ($15/month) is perfect for individuals who want ongoing access to their health data. It includes unlimited lab imports, visual tracking, custom ranges, result explanations, full account exports, and secure sharing — all with a simple monthly subscription. You can cancel anytime and restart your plan whenever you're ready — your data will still be there waiting for you. You can also upgrade to the Unlimited Plan at any time, with the cost prorated based on what you've already paid.
The Unlimited Plan ($250 one-time) is also designed for individuals but offers lifetime access with no ongoing subscription. You'll get all the same features as the Complete Plan, plus a larger initial data entry allowance (10 reports), making it a great choice if you prefer a one-time payment and long-term use without monthly fees.
In short:
There are two ways to add your test reports to your Healthmatters account. One option is to input the data using the data entry forms. The other method is to utilize our "Data entry service."
Our data entry forms offer an easy, fast, and free way for you to input the reports yourself. Self-entry allows you to add an unlimited number of reports at no cost. We make the self-entry process user-friendly, providing dozens of templates that pre-populate the most popular laboratory panels and offering instant feedback on entered values.
For those who prefer assistance, we offer a "Data entry service" to help you input your data. Simply attach an image or file of your lab test results, and a qualified team member from our data entry team will add the results for you.
We support various file types, including PDFs, JPGs, or Excel. This service is particularly useful if you have many reports to upload or if you're too busy to handle the data entry yourself.
Our Data Entry Service is for when you don't want to manually type in your lab results yourself. You simply upload your report (PDF, image, or screenshot), and our trained team enters the information into your Healthmatters account for you — accurately and neatly organized, ready to view in graphs, tables, and timelines.
The $15 per report covers the time and care it takes for a real person to review your file, make sure each result is entered correctly, and double-check for accuracy. This ensures your health data is precise and easy to work with — without you having to spend the time doing it yourself.
Prefer to do it yourself? You can always use our free self-entry tool to add results manually — it just takes a bit more time and attention.
For users on the Complete monthly plan, the first report is entered free of charge, and each additional report incurs a fee of $15.
Unlimited account holders enjoy the entry of ten reports without charge. Subsequent reports are subject to a $15 fee per report.
Additionally, users on the Complete plan can upgrade to a yearly subscription from the account settings. The annual subscription includes a data entry service for five reports.
All professional accounts allow you to import and onboard an unlimited number of clients and their lab results. The distinction between professional plans lies solely in the data entry service.
The Pro Monthly Plus plan is priced at $75 per month and includes a data entry service for five reports each month. Additional reports can be self-entered at no extra cost or, if preferred, you can use our data entry service for an additional fee of $15 per report.
The Pro Monthly plan is priced at $45 per month and does not include a data entry service. Self-entry is free for an unlimited number of reports, and you can opt for the data entry service at a fee of $15 per report.
You also have the option to upgrade to higher monthly or to annual plans, which come with substantial discounts. All upgrades can be done directly from your account.
Simply log in and navigate to your account settings to cancel your subscription. Scroll down to locate the 'Cancel' button at the bottom of the page. Ensure you cancel at least one day before the renewal date to prevent any charges. Once cancellation is requested, the subscription remains active until the conclusion of the current billing cycle.
Our goal has been to make your Healthmatters account as intuitive as possible.
We've crafted multiple ways for you to navigate your data, whether you're glancing at a single report or delving into your historical test reports.
1. Graph View:Dive into a visual journey with our biomarker graphs, showcasing over 40 data points. Combining years of results unveils trends, empowering you to make informed decisions. Our visualization tools make it a breeze to compare and understand changes over time, even if your results are from different labs. A search function and filters simplify the exploration of extensive data, allowing you to focus on what needs attention.
2. All Tests ViewExplore neatly organized reports on a timeline, highlighting crucial details like dates, critical results, and lab/panel names. Each report opens up to reveal in-depth descriptions and additional recommendations for each biomarker. The history of previous results is just a click away, and you can download a comprehensive report for deeper insights. Color-coded and user-friendly, it's designed for easy reading, understanding, and navigation.
3. Table View:For a holistic view of all biomarkers side by side, our table view is your go-to. Results are neatly displayed in a categorized and dated table, ideal for those with an extensive test history. Utilize sorting, filters, and color-coding to enhance your analysis and gain extra insights.
Yes, you can download your information anytime. We offer two easy ways to export your lab data:
This makes it simple to save, back up, or share your health data whenever you need.
Yes, you can print your report. To do so, navigate to "All tests" and open the report you wish to print. You'll find a print button in the right corner of the report. Click on it, and your browser's print window will open. If you prefer to print in a bigger typeface, adjust the scale using the print window settings.
Yes, you can! We highly recommend activating Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) for your account. To do so, please navigate to the "Profile and Security" section of your account, where you will find instructions for activating 2FA.
Yes, you can. When entering values for the biomarker, you will see an "Edit Range" button. Click this button, and you'll have the option to enter a custom range.
A personal account is all about keeping your own lab test results in check. It's just for you and your personal use.
The professional account is designed for health professionals who wish to track and organize their clients' laboratory results.
To learn more about Healthmatters Pro, please refer to the professional page.
At HealthMatters, we're committed to maintaining the security and confidentiality of your personal information. We've put industry-leading security standards in place to help protect against the loss, misuse, or alteration of the information under our control. We use procedural, physical, and electronic security methods designed to prevent unauthorized people from getting access to this information. Our internal code of conduct adds additional privacy protection. All data is backed up multiple times a day and encrypted using SSL certificates. See our Privacy Policy for more details.
