The biomarker "% CD 8 Pos. Lymph." in a T + B-Lymphocyte Differential panel from Labcorp measures the percentage of lymphocytes in the blood that express the CD8 marker. CD8 positive lymphocytes, also known as cytotoxic T cells, play a vital role in the immune system's defense against pathogens and cancer cells. They are responsible for directly killing virus-infected cells and tumor cells. Alterations in the percentage of CD8 positive lymphocytes can be indicative of various conditions. Elevated levels may occur in response to viral infections, certain autoimmune diseases, or lymphoproliferative disorders. Conversely, decreased levels can be seen in advanced HIV infection, following immunosuppressive therapy, or in certain genetic immunodeficiency disorders. The assessment of CD8 positive lymphocytes is crucial for understanding the immune system's status and function, particularly in the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases that affect immune cell populations.
What does it mean if your % CD 8 Pos. Lymph. result is too high?
An elevated percentage of CD8+ positive lymphocytes (% CD8+ Pos. Lymph.) typically indicates an increase in the proportion of a specific type of immune cell called CD8+ T cells in the bloodstream or in a tissue sample, such as from a blood test or a biopsy. CD8+ T cells, also known as cytotoxic T cells or killer T cells, play a crucial role in the immune response by targeting and destroying cells that have been infected by viruses, bacteria, or other pathogens, as well as cells that have become cancerous.
An elevation in the percentage of CD8+ T cells could suggest several things:
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Viral Infections: CD8+ T cells are a key component of the body's defense against viral infections. An increase in their percentage could indicate an ongoing or recent viral infection.
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Bacterial Infections: While CD8+ T cells are more commonly associated with viral infections, they can also be involved in responses to certain bacterial infections.
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Autoimmune Diseases: Some autoimmune diseases involve an overactive immune response where CD8+ T cells may contribute to tissue damage. An increase in CD8+ T cells might be observed in conditions like psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, or type 1 diabetes.
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Cancer: CD8+ T cells are important in recognizing and eliminating cancer cells. An elevated percentage of CD8+ T cells might be seen in response to the body's attempt to combat cancer.
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Immunological Responses: An elevation might be part of a normal immune response to an antigen challenge or immune activation due to various factors.
It's important to note that interpreting this result would require additional clinical context.
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What does it mean if your % CD 8 Pos. Lymph. result is too low?
Decreased levels of % CD 8 Pos. Lymph. in a T + B-Lymphocyte Differential panel indicate a lower count of CD8 positive T-cells in the blood. This can be significant as CD8 cells are important for immune response, especially in targeting and destroying virus-infected and cancerous cells. Reduced CD8 levels may be seen in advanced stages of HIV infection, after receiving immunosuppressive therapy, or in certain genetic immunodeficiency disorders. Low CD8 counts can lead to a weakened immune response, making the body more susceptible to infections and diseases. As with all medical tests, these results should be interpreted in the context of the patient's overall health and in consultation with healthcare professionals.
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