The EBV Early Antigen Ab, IgG is a valuable biomarker in the diagnosis and management of Epstein-Barr virus infections. By understanding the presence and levels of these antibodies, healthcare providers can better determine the phase of EBV infection and provide appropriate treatment strategies. If you suspect an EBV infection or are experiencing prolonged symptoms, consult your healthcare provider about testing for EBV Early Antigen Ab, IgG.

The EBV EliSpot (latent) assesses T-cell responses to EBV latent-phase antigens and reports a Stimulation Index (SI) (0–1 negative, 2–3 weak positive, >3 positive). Because it captures cellular immunity, it’s best interpreted with EBV serology (VCA-IgM/IgG, EBNA-1 IgG, EA-IgG) and, when clinically relevant, EBV DNA PCR to evaluate replication. A positive result (>3 SI) reflects a clear immune response to latent EBV, which can support recent or ongoing immune engagement with EBV when symptoms fit, but it does not quantify viral load or diagnose disease on its own. Consider correlating with symptoms and basic labs, and trend over 4–6 weeks if uncertainty remains. Results may be affected by immunosuppression and pre-analytical handling; always use the performing lab’s cutoffs.

The EBV EliSpot (lytic) by ArminLabs measures T-cell (IFN-γ) responses to EBV lytic-phase antigens, reported as a Stimulation Index (SI) that compares reactivity to a control. Reference ranges: 0–1 SI negative, 2–3 SI weak positive, >3 SI positive. A higher SI indicates more EBV-reactive T cells and, when paired with compatible symptoms, can support recent infection or reactivation; however, strong responses may also reflect immune memory, so results must be interpreted in clinical context. Use this test alongside EBV serology (VCA-IgM/IgG, EBNA-1 IgG, EA-IgG) to help stage infection and EBV DNA PCR to assess active replication/viral load; consider CBC and liver enzymes if symptomatic. For equivocal cases or to assess dynamics, repeat in 4–6 weeks and look for trends. Results can be influenced by immunosuppression, intercurrent illness, and pre-analytical handling. This assay does not diagnose EBV disease or quantify virus on its own; rely on the total picture—symptoms, exam, serology, PCR, and routine labs—for decisions.

The Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen Antibody (EBV Nuclear Ag Ab) test is a significant component of the Epstein-Barr Virus VCA (Viral Capsid Antigen) Antibody Panel, playing a critical role in diagnosing and understanding the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. EBV, a widespread virus, is known for causing infectious mononucleosis and is linked to several other conditions, including certain cancers and autoimmune diseases. The EBV Nuclear Ag Ab test specifically detects antibodies developed against the nuclear antigen of the Epstein-Barr Virus, which are antibodies the immune system produces in response to EBV's nuclear material.

EBV EBNA-1 IgG is an antibody that usually appears weeks to a few months after a first Epstein–Barr virus infection and then persists for life, so a positive result generally indicates past infection, not a current one. On its own it can’t time an illness; clinicians interpret EBNA-1 IgG with other markers—VCA IgM and VCA IgG (± EA-D IgG or EBV DNA PCR). Typical patterns: VCA IgM (+) + VCA IgG (+) + EBNA-1 IgG (−) suggests recent/acute infection, while VCA IgM (−) + VCA IgG (+) + EBNA-1 IgG (+) indicates remote/past infection. Early testing may show EBNA-1 IgG negative before it develops, and a small subset never makes measurable EBNA-1 IgG—so repeat testing or PCR can help when results and symptoms don’t align. Always interpret using your lab’s reference range and your clinical context.

The marker EBV PCR Whole Blood LOG signifies the level of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA in whole blood, measured using a quantitative PCR (polymerase chain reaction) method. The value is reported both in international units per milliliter (IU/ml) and as a logarithmic value (LOG). This measurement indicates the viral load of EBV present in the blood.

EBV is associated with various diseases, including infectious mononucleosis and certain cancers. Quantitative PCR allows precise measurement of viral DNA levels, aiding in monitoring EBV-related diseases.

The reported value helps clinicians assess the severity of infection or disease progression.

This test is intended to be used for the quantitative detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and as an aid in the diagnosis and management of EBV infections.

→ This test is only used as an aid in monitoring EBV-related disease.

→ It is not appropriate for the diagnosis of mononucleosis; order serological testing Epstein-Barr Viral Ab Panel instead.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) VCA IgG is a crucial antibody tested in the Epstein-Barr Virus VCA (Viral Capsid Antigen) Antibody Panel, commonly used to diagnose and monitor EBV infections. EBV, a member of the herpesvirus family and one of the most common human viruses, is known for causing infectious mononucleosis and has been linked to various forms of cancer and autoimmune diseases. The EBV VCA IgG test specifically measures the IgG antibodies that the immune system produces in response to the viral capsid antigen of the Epstein-Barr Virus. These antibodies typically develop during the acute or recent phase of an EBV infection and can remain in the system for life, providing long-term immunity.

The Epstein-Barr Virus Viral Capsid Antigen IgM (EBV VCA IgM) test is a vital part of the Epstein-Barr Virus VCA Antibody Panel, a key diagnostic tool for identifying EBV infections. EBV, a common virus known for causing infectious mononucleosis, also has links to certain cancers and autoimmune disorders. The EBV VCA IgM test specifically measures the IgM antibodies that the immune system produces in response to the viral capsid antigen of EBV, which are among the first antibodies to appear following an infection with the virus. These antibodies typically signify an acute or recent EBV infection.

A negative EBV VCA IgM result means that your immune system is not currently producing IgM antibodies against the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). IgM antibodies are the body’s earliest response to a new or recent EBV infection. Because they appear quickly and disappear within weeks to a few months, a negative result typically indicates:

• You do not have a current or recent EBV (mononucleosis) infection, and

• Your symptoms are unlikely to be caused by an acute EBV infection.

However, a negative EBV VCA IgM does not rule out past EBV exposure. Most adults have been infected with EBV at some point, and evidence of past infection is detected through EBV VCA IgG and EBNA IgG—not IgM.

When further testing may still be needed

Your healthcare provider may order additional EBV markers if:

• You have strong symptoms of mononucleosis (fatigue, sore throat, swollen glands)

• Your illness is early and IgM antibodies have not yet developed

• You have atypical symptoms and other infections need to be ruled out

Follow-up testing may include:

• EBV VCA IgG (past or current infection)

• EBNA IgG (past infection)

• EBV Early Antigen (EA) antibodies (possible reactivation or acute infection in some cases)

Summary

A negative EBV VCA IgM result strongly suggests that you are not experiencing a recent or active EBV infection. Additional antibody testing can help determine whether you’ve had EBV in the past or whether another cause may explain your symptoms.

EBV-VCA, IgG is an antibody (protein) that is produced by the body in an immune response to an Epstein-Barr virus antigen.

The marker ECP on a LabCorp panel refers to Eosinophil Cationic Protein, a protein released by activated eosinophils—white blood cells involved in the body's immune response, particularly in allergic reactions and parasitic infections. ECP plays roles in immune regulation and has cytotoxic and neurotoxic properties.

eGFR stands for estimated glomerular filtration rate. Your eGFR score is a reflection of your blood test for creatinine, a waste product formed in muscular metabolism. It estimates how well your kidneys are working.

Alternative Names: GFR; Estimated GFR; eGFR

What is GFR?

GFR is a blood test that measures how much blood your kidneys filter each minute, which is known as your glomerular filtration rate (GFR). You have two kidneys. Their main job is to filter wastes and extra water out of your blood to make urine. eGFR is a measure of how well your kidneys are working. Measuring serum creatinine along with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is recommended as the first step in GFR evaluation by current clinical practice guidelines. Your eGFR is an estimated number based on a blood test and your age, sex, body type and race. eGFR is considered a mostly reliable test for doctors to know how well your kidneys are working. However, the eGFR may not be accurate if you are younger than 18, pregnant, very overweight or very muscular. In addition, other tests such as  an ultrasound or a kidney biopsy may be ordered to find a cause of your kidney disease.

The eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) / Cystatin C Ratio is a significant marker offering vital insights into kidney function and health. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a test that measures the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidneys, serving as a critical indicator of kidney health. eGFR is an estimated value derived from blood creatinine levels, age, sex, and race, providing a non-invasive assessment of kidney function. Cystatin C, on the other hand, is a protein produced by all nucleated cells in the body, and its level in the blood inversely correlates with kidney function. Unlike creatinine, Cystatin C levels are less influenced by muscle mass, age, or diet, making it a potentially more accurate marker of kidney function for certain populations.

The presence of salivary antibodies to Egg is an indication of loss of mucosal tolerance and the onset of food immune reactivity. Egg antigen assessed consists of egg white, egg yolk both raw and cooked. The offending food and its known cross-reactive foods should be eliminated from the diet. Egg immune reactivity is more common in children than in adults.

Since many children eventually develop immune tolerance, they may outgrow immune reactivity to Egg.

Cooked egg introduced at 4 to 6 months of age may protect against egg allergy/sensitivity. Adult onset of Egg allergy has been reported.