Interleukin 5 plays a critical role in the host immune response to helminthic infections and has been implicated in the pathology of certain allergic diseases, asthma, and vasculitis. 

Interleukin-6 is involved in inflammation and infection responses and also in the regulation of metabolic, regenerative, and neural processes.

Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is a promising marker for many clinical conditions and currently being applied by various subspecialties of medicine either for the purpose of rapid diagnosis or as a predictor of prognosis. Nevertheless, IL-8 level increased as a result of many inflammatory conditions, so careful interpretation of IL-8 level is required to make correlation with desired clinical condition's diagnosis or prognosis.

Interleukin-10 is an important suppressor of immune responses. 

In vitro studies indicate that Interleukin-10 directly inhibits IL-2 and IL-5 production by TH1 and TH2 cells. Interleukin-10 acts as an immunosuppressor of antigen presenting cells (APC). Interleukin-10 suppresses epidermal Langerhans cell APC function, monocyte chemokines expression, and the bactericidal responses of macrophages. A number of studies suggest that IL-10 plays a role in controlling inflammation, autoimmunity, and angiogenesis.

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key anti-inflammatory cytokine that helps regulate the immune system and prevent excessive inflammation. It is released by immune cells to calm inflammatory responses and protect tissues after the immune system has been activated by infection, injury, or stress.

IL-10 testing provides insight into the body’s immune regulation and recovery processes. Although IL-10 does not diagnose specific diseases on its own, it is often measured alongside other inflammatory markers to understand overall immune activity and balance.

Equivocal or borderline IL-10 results can occur when levels are near the reference cutoff. This may mean that immune-regulatory activity is shifting or that the body is in a transitional phase — such as early recovery from infection, low-grade inflammation, or stress-related immune modulation. In these cases, clinical context and additional markers (such as CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and complete immune panels) help clarify the significance of the result.

This marker is especially relevant when assessing chronic inflammation, immune-related conditions, or the body's response after acute immune activation.

Interleukin 13 is a mediator of allergic inflammation and different diseases including asthma.

IL-13 is implicated in numerous processes, including a) recruitment of eosinophils and M2 macrophages to the lung, b) induction of mucus secretion into the airways and goblet cell metaplasia, c) proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and d) fibrosis via fibroblast activation and subsequent collagen deposition. 

Interleukin 2 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced primarily by mitogen- or antigen- activated T lymphocytes.

Interleukin 2 plays a role in promoting the clonal expansion of antigen-specific cytotoxic and suppressor T cells. In vitro studies suggest that Interleukin 2 may also be produced by dendritic cells and certain lymphoma cell lines. 

In addition, Interleukin 2 has been shown to mediate multiple immune responses on a variety of cell types.

Interleukin-2 Receptor Alpha Chain (IL-2Ra), also known as CD25, is a protein expressed on the surface of immune cells, such as activated T-cells, B-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. When it is shed from the surface of these cells, it circulates in the blood as soluble IL-2 receptor alpha (sIL-2Ra). Measuring sIL-2Ra levels provides insights into immune system activity and inflammation.

Why Is This IL-2Ra Important?

sIL-2Ra plays a critical role in the regulation of the immune response. It binds to interleukin-2 (IL-2), a key cytokine for T-cell growth and immune function. Elevated levels of sIL-2Ra are associated with immune system activation and are often seen in various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, cancers, and infectious diseases.

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a pleiotropic (=having multiple effects from a single gene) cytokine produced primarily by mitogen- or antigen- activated T lymphocytes. Interleukin 2 is an important disease marker in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), but there are no published data on its diagnostic value in adults.

Interleukin 4 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T lymphocytes, CD3+ cells, NK-T cells, mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils. 

Interleukin 4 has multiple immune response modulation functions on a variety of cell types. It is an important regulator of isotype switching, inducing IgE production in B lymphocytes. It is an important modulator of the differentiation of precursor T helper cells to the TH2 subset that mediates humoral immunity and modulates antibody production. In addition, Interleukin 4 has also been shown to have antitumor activity both in vivo and in vitro.

Interleukin-6 is involved in inflammation and infection responses and also in the regulation of metabolic, regenerative, and neural processes.

Interleukin-6 is involved in inflammation and infection responses and also in the regulation of metabolic, regenerative, and neural processes.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Serum measures a key immune messenger involved in both short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic) inflammation. Higher IL-6 levels may be seen with infections, inflammatory or autoimmune conditions, obesity/metabolic inflammation, severe physical stress (surgery/trauma), and some cancers, and it often parallels increases in CRP. Because IL-6 can fluctuate quickly and varies by lab method, results are best interpreted in context—especially with symptoms, vital signs, and related markers like CRP, ESR, ferritin, CBC, and liver enzymes.

Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is a promising marker for many clinical conditions and currently being applied by various subspecialties of medicine either for the purpose of rapid diagnosis or as a predictor of prognosis. Nevertheless, IL-8 level increased as a result of many inflammatory conditions, so careful interpretation of IL-8 level is required to make correlation with desired clinical condition's diagnosis or prognosis.

Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is a promising marker for many clinical conditions and currently being applied by various subspecialties of medicine either for the purpose of rapid diagnosis or as a predictor of prognosis. Nevertheless, IL-8 level increased as a result of many inflammatory conditions, so careful interpretation of IL-8 level is required to make correlation with desired clinical condition's diagnosis or prognosis.

IDL Cholesterol is a plasma lipoprotein. Cholesterol and triglycerides are insoluble in water and therefore these lipids must be transported in association with proteins. Lipoproteins are complex particles with a central core containing cholesterol esters and triglycerides surrounded by free cholesterol, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins, which facilitate lipoprotein formation and function.

IDL Cholesterol is a plasma lipoprotein. Cholesterol and triglycerides are insoluble in water and therefore these lipids must be transported in association with proteins. Lipoproteins are complex particles with a central core containing cholesterol esters and triglycerides surrounded by free cholesterol, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins, which facilitate lipoprotein formation and function.

IDL Cholesterol is a plasma lipoprotein. Cholesterol and triglycerides are insoluble in water and therefore these lipids must be transported in association with proteins. Lipoproteins are complex particles with a central core containing cholesterol esters and triglycerides surrounded by free cholesterol, phospholipids, and apolipoproteins, which facilitate lipoprotein formation and function.

In a Protein Electrophoresis test, part of panels like Total Protein and Protein Electrophoresis, 24 Hour Urine, the "pattern" refers to the arrangement and distribution of protein fractions (such as albumin, alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, and gamma globulins) as revealed in the test results. This pattern, which is identified through the separation of proteins based on size and electrical charge, shows the different protein groups and their relative proportions. A normal pattern typically has albumin as the most abundant protein, followed by various globulins. Abnormalities in this pattern can indicate medical conditions such as liver disease, immune disorders, or kidney issues. The pattern is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring these conditions, providing insight into the body's protein composition and any deviations from normal levels.

The Intestinal Fraction on Labcorp's Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Isoenzyme Panel represents the portion of alkaline phosphatase derived from the intestines. Elevated levels of the intestinal fraction may be observed after meals, especially in individuals with blood types B or O who are secretors, as they tend to have higher levels of intestinal ALP following food intake. This isoenzyme is measured to help determine the source of elevated ALP levels and to assess gastrointestinal health. By differentiating the intestinal fraction from other sources of ALP, such as the liver or bone, healthcare providers can better understand the cause of elevated enzyme levels and investigate potential gastrointestinal disorders or other related conditions. The ALP isoenzyme panel's precise measurement of this fraction can guide clinicians in diagnosing conditions related to the intestinal system.