Candida albicans is a dimorphic fungus that grows both as yeast and filamentous cells and one of the few species of the Candida genus that cause the infection candidiasis in humans.
Albicans is a common member of human gut flora and is detectable in the gastrointestinal tract in 40% of healthy adults. The Candida antigen tests typically monitors three specific antibodies and the Candida antigen itself: IgG antibodies, IgA antibodies, IgM antibodies.
IgM antibodies
IgM is the first antibody formed after primary exposure to antigen. IgM readily activates complement, and assists the phagocytic system to eliminate antigen from the intravascular space. IgM are confined in the body to our intravascular tissues and are generally regarded as the predominant immunoglobulins involved in early infections. Often, upon reinfection, IgM antibody levels may not be as elevated as in earlier infections.
Elevated IgM reflects a present infection.
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