Verrucarin and Verrucarol are trichothecene mycotoxins mainly produced by Fusarium and Aspergillus species and are known to cause tremors, immune toxicity, inflammation, are cytotoxic (= can damage cells or cause them to die), and are potent protein synthesis inhibitors (= stops or slows the growth or proliferation of cells by disrupting the processes that lead directly to the generation of new proteins).
The trichothecene mycotoxins are a group of toxins produced by multiple genera of fungi. Some of these substances may be present as contaminants from mold or may occur naturally in foodstuffs or in livestock feeds. Symptoms may occur among exposed humans or animals. The likelihood of developing adverse effects following exposure depends on such variables as: toxin type and purity, dose, and duration of exposure. Dermal exposure in some situations could lead to burning pain, redness, and blisters, and oral exposure may lead to vomiting and diarrhea. Ocular exposure might result in blurred vision, and inhalational exposure might cause nasal irritation and cough. Systemic symptoms can develop with all routes of exposure (especially inhalation) and might include weakness, ataxia, hypotension, coagulopathy, and death.
Toxin producing molds are always present in water damaged homes or workplaces. There is a great deal of accepted evidence and proof in medical science that is non-controversial on mycotoxin exposure causing immune dysregulation, neurological disorders, cancer, and many other health issues.
References:
Wannemacher RW Jr, Wiener SL. Trichothecene mycotoxins. In: Zajtchuk R, Bellamy RF, eds. Textbook of military medicine: medical aspects of chemical and biologic warfare. Washington, DC: Office of the Surgeon General at TMM Publications, Borden Institute, Walter Reed Army Medical Center; 1997:655-77.
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Verrucarin and Verrucarol are macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins produced from Stachybotrys, Fusarium, and Myrothecium. Trichothecenes are frequently found in buildings with water damage but can also be found in contaminated grain. Verrucarin is a small, amphipathic molecule that can move passively across cell membranes. The primary tissues affected by Verrucarin are intestinal and gastric mucosa, bone marrow, and spleen. Verrucarin causes damage to human cells by inhibiting protein and DNA synthesis, disrupting mitochondrial functions, and by producing oxidative stress (due to generation of free radicals). Exposure to Verrucarin can cause immunological problems, vomiting, skin dermatitis, and hemorrhagic lesions. Nebulized and intranasal glutathione is beneficial for those exposed to inhaled toxin. Transdermal and liposomal glutathione may also be helpful, especially in combination with sequestrants. Sequestrants bind to toxins in the GI tract making them unavailable for reabsorption. These agents are not absorbed and work best for patients with GI symptoms or those whose toxin exposure is coming from food. Retesting is recommended after 3-6 months of treatment.
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Alternaria Toxin (Alternariol) - IgE, Alternaria Toxin (Alternariol) - IgG, Aspergillus Auto-Toxin (Sterigmatocystin) - IgE, Aspergillus Auto-Toxin (Sterigmatocystin) - IgG, Aspergillus Toxin (Aspergillus Hemolysin) - IgE, Aspergillus Toxin (Aspergillus Hemolysin) - IgG, Aspergillus/Penicillium Neuro Auto-Toxin (Gliotoxin) - IgE, Aspergillus/Penicillium Neuro Auto-Toxin (Gliotoxin) - IgG, Cladosporium Toxin (Cladosporium HSP70) - IgE, Cladosporium Toxin (Cladosporium HSP70) - IgG, Ochratoxin (A and B) - IgE, Ochratoxin (A and B) - IgG, Penicillium Toxin (Mycophynolic acid) - IgE, Penicillium Toxin (Mycophynolic acid) - IgG, Satratoxin (IgE), Satratoxin (IgG), Stachybotrys Toxin (Trichothecene) - IgE, Stachybotrys Toxin (Trichothecene) - IgG, T2 Toxin (IgE), T2 Toxin (IgG), Verrucarin and Verrucarol (IgE), Verrucarin and Verrucarol (IgG), Vomitoxin aka Deoxynivalenol (IgE), Vomitoxin aka Deoxynivalenol (IgG)