Branched Chain Amino Acids (Isoleucine, Leucine, Valine) are the three branched chain amino acids (BCAAs). Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids and must be obtained from the diet (mainly meat, grains, and dairy).
Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) are required for protein synthesis and are metabolized outside hepatic tissues, unlike most other essential amino acids. They are converted to branched-chain keto acids which require B-complex vitamins. BCAAs have been associated with obesity, weight loss, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
BCAA’s are nitrogen donors, facilitate glucose uptake by liver and skeletal muscle, and enhance glycogen synthesis.
- BMI was positively associated with urine 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, valine, tryptophan, and tyrosine.
- Elevated urine levels were associated with higher colorectal cancer.
– Low BCAAs are an indication of chronic depletion from low protein intake, poor digestion, or increased utilization from chronic over-exercising.
– Studies have shown that low levels of isoleucine in plasma indicate an increased need for niacin. Chronic deficiency can cause hypoglycemia, loss of muscle mass, or inability to build muscle.
– Isoleucine and the other branched chain amino acids can be low as a result of zinc deficiency (zinc dependent intestinal peptidase), protein malnutrition or other gastrointestinal dysfunctions.
– A chronic deficiency of this AA can cause hypoglycemia and related problems and loss of muscle mass or inability to build muscle.
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- BMI was positively associated with urine 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, valine, tryptophan, and tyrosine.
- Elevated urine levels were associated with higher colorectal cancer.
- High fasting levels may be caused by a deficiency of vitamin B6, elevated insulin levels, or excessive BCAA intake.
- Studies found that plasma BCAA levels can be associated with animal protein consumption. Dairy products and red meat contain the greatest amounts of BCAAs, although they are present in all protein-containing foods. Whey protein and egg protein supplements are other sources of BCAAs. Lowering the intake of these foods can lower the isoleucine plasma levels.
Possible treatment:
Lower your BCAA intake by focusing on a whole foods plant-based diet. Check also for sufficient vitamin B6 intake to aid metabolism.
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