Ethylmalonate, together with Adipate and Suberate, gives information about your ability to process fatty acids.
Ethylmalonate, which comes from the breakdown of butyrate, has a carnitine-dependent pathway and can accumulate with an insufficient amount of carnitine. Dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein are all broken down to produce energy using pathways that require vitamin B2 (riboflavin).
If you do not have sufficient riboflavin, compounds such as adipate, suberate, and ethylmalonate may increase in urine.
What is Carnitine?
Carnitine helps your body use fatty acids. The body makes small amounts of carnitine.
However, if minimum requirements are not met, carnitine dependent functions fail to proceed normally. Long-chain fatty acids go through beta-oxidation in the mitochondria, which is a carnitine dependent step.
If there are inadequate amounts of carnitine, the long-chain fatty acids will get processed outside of the mitochondria; Adipate and suberate are by-products of long-chain fatty acid breakdown outside of the mitochondria.
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Adipate, Suberate, and Ethylmalonate elevations indicate metabolic blocks. Carnitine is needed to move fatty acids into the mitochondria where they are converted to energy using vitamin B2. When insufficient levels of carnitine or vitamin B2 slow down this process, other parts of the cellular machinery take over and make adipate and suberate. A similar block in another pathway causes high ethylmalonate. Since most of your body’s energy is produced from the burning of fatty acids, your muscles and brain suffer when this cellular energy pathway is blocked.
Value may be elevated in:
- ketosis,
- fasting,
- deficiency of the fat-transporting molecule carnitine,
- genetic deficiencies of fatty acid metabolism
- the genetic disease multiple acyl dehydrogenase deficiency,
- excessive intake of adipic acid-containing foods such as Jell-O,
- by increased intake of foods containing medium chain triglycerides such as coconut oil.
Symptoms:
Symptoms include hypoglycemia and lethargy.
Potential treatment options:
- Supplementation of carnitine and vitamin B2 may be needed when these compounds are too high. Insufficiency of vitamin B2 is implicated in impaired carbohydrate metabolism, migraines, and dementia.
- Carnitine supplementation has been documented to improve Alzheimer’s, age-related cognitive decline, and cardiac function.
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% Free Copper, 25 OH VITAMIN D, Activated Vitamin B12, Adipic Acid, ALBUMIN, ALP, ALT, Anion Gap, ANTITHYROGLOBULIN Ab., Apolipoprotein A-1, Apolipoprotein B, Ascorbic Acid (Vit C), AST, beta-Aminoisobutyric Acid, BICARBONATE, BILIRUBIN (TOTAL), Calc Free Testosterone (Vermeulen), CHLORIDE, CHOLESTEROL, Copper/Zinc Ratio, Cortisol (OA), Creatinine, CREATININE (mmol/L), DHEA Sulphate, ESTRADIOL, Ethylmalonic Acid, FERRITIN, FIBRINOGEN, FREE T3, FREE T4, FT3 : Reverse T3 Ratio ( X 100), GGT, GLOBULIN, GLUCOSE (FASTING), Glutaric Acid (Vit B2), Glycine, HDL(Protective), HIGH SEN CRP, Hippurate (OA), HOMOCYSTEINE, Hydroxylysine, Hydroxyproline, Intermediate Density Lipoprotein (IDL-1), Intermediate Density Lipoprotein (IDL-2), Intermediate Density Lipoprotein (IDL-3), Iodine, IRON, LDL Phenotype Pattern, LDL(Atherogenic), LDL/HDL RATIO (Risk Factor), Lipoprotein (a), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-1), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-2), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-3), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-4), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-5), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-6), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-7), Mean Particle Size, Mercury, Non-HDL Cholesterol, Omega 3/Omega 6 Ratio, POTASSIUM, PROGESTERONE, PROTEIN - TOTAL, RATIO (APO B / APO A-1), Reverse T3, Selenium, SERUM FOLATE, Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, SODIUM, Suberic Acid, TESTOSTERONE, THYROID PEROXIDASE Ab., Total Omega 9 Fatty Acids, Trans Palmitoleic Acid, TRANSFERRIN, Transferrin Saturation, TRIGLYCERIDES, TSH, TSH RECEPTOR AB, UREA, Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)