Coxsackievirus A7 (CVA7) is a rarely detected and poorly characterized virus that belongs to the Enterovirus A species and has three strains: Parker, USSR, and 275/58. Despite a difference in pathogenicity among the three strains, they can all be typed by CVA7-specific neutralizing antibodies. CVA7 is most closely related to CVA14, CVA16, and Enterovirus 71 (EV71), and is associated with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). CVA7 is neurotropic and can cause paralytic poliomyelitis. CVA7 was widely detected in the 1950s and 1960s during paralytic epidemics.
A positive test result does not necessarily indicate current or recent infection as antibodies to Coxsackie species can be detected in uninfected individuals due to moderate passive exposure to infected hosts. It is, therefore, crucial that results from all Coxsackie A serologies correlate with the clinical history of the patient and all other data available to the physician. Samples collected at the early stage of infection (primarily in children) may not yield detectable antibodies. If a recent infection is suspected, a second specimen should be collected 10 to 20 days following the initial collection and tested.
References:
Yamayoshi S, Iizuka S, Yamashita T, Minagawa H, Mizuta K, Okamoto M, Nishimura H, Sanjoh K, Katsushima N, Itagaki T, Nagai Y, Fujii K, Koike S. Human SCARB2-dependent infection by coxsackievirus A7, A14, and A16 and enterovirus 71. J Virol. 2012 May;86(10):5686-96. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00020-12. Epub 2012 Mar 21. PMID: 22438546; PMCID: PMC3347270.
Seitsonen JJ, Shakeel S, Susi P, Pandurangan AP, Sinkovits RS, Hyvönen H, Laurinmäki P, Ylä-Pelto J, Topf M, Hyypiä T, Butcher SJ. Structural analysis of coxsackievirus A7 reveals conformational changes associated with uncoating. J Virol. 2012 Jul;86(13):7207-15. doi: 10.1128/JVI.06425-11. Epub 2012 Apr 18. PMID: 22514349; PMCID: PMC3416324.
Coxsackie A7 IgG
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