O que é uma Contagem de Células Brancas do Sangue?
A contagem de células brancas do sangue (WBC) é um exame de sangue que mede o número de leucócitos na corrente sanguínea. Este exame é um marcador essencial para a detecção de infecções, inflamações e várias condições médicas.
O que são Células Brancas do Sangue?
As células brancas do sangue, ou leucócitos, são componentes essenciais do sistema imunológico. Elas ajudam a combater infecções e desempenham um papel na resposta inflamatória e imunológica. Existem cinco tipos principais de leucócitos:
Por que a Contagem de Células Brancas do Sangue é Realizada?
Os médicos recomendam a contagem de leucócitos por diversos motivos:
O que é um Hemograma Completo (CBC)?
O CBC é um exame de sangue comum utilizado para avaliar a saúde geral e diagnosticar várias condições, como anemia, infecções e leucemia. Ele mede:
Um CBC com diferencial de WBC fornece contagens detalhadas de cada tipo de célula branca, incluindo neutrófilos, linfócitos, monócitos, eosinófilos e basófilos.
Qual é a Faixa Normal de WBC?
A faixa normal de WBC é de 3.800 a 10.800 células por microlitro (3,8 a 10,8 × 10/L).
No entanto, os valores normais podem variar ligeiramente dependendo do laboratório. Sempre consulte seu médico para interpretar os resultados.
Ponto Principal
Monitorar regularmente sua contagem de WBC pode oferecer informações valiosas sobre sua saúde, ajudar a detectar condições médicas ocultas e orientar planos de tratamento eficazes. Sempre discuta os resultados dos exames com seu médico para obter orientações personalizadas.
Referências
Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Contagem Diferencial de Leucócitos (Diff) - Sangue Periférico. In: Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures, 6a ed., Elsevier Saunders, 2013:441–450.
Vajpayee N, Graham SS, Bem S. Exame Básico de Sangue e Medula Óssea. In: Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods, 23a ed., Elsevier, 2017: Capítulo 30.
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Uma contagem elevada de glóbulos brancos (WBC) é chamada de leucocitose.
Uma contagem de glóbulos brancos acima do normal geralmente está associada a infecções ou inflamações.
No caso de infecções, a causa mais provável é bacteriana. As causas de inflamação são variadas. Estressores físicos, como exercícios, convulsões, ansiedade, tabagismo, queimaduras, ataque cardíaco, apendicite e remoção do baço, podem resultar em inflamação. Algumas condições crônicas, como doenças inflamatórias intestinais e artrite, também levam à inflamação. Certos tipos de câncer (como os que afetam a medula óssea) podem causar uma contagem anormal de glóbulos brancos.
Uma contagem alta de glóbulos brancos pode ser causada por:
Quais são os sintomas de uma contagem elevada de glóbulos brancos?
Na maioria dos casos, não há sintomas específicos relacionados a uma contagem alta de WBC, embora possam ocorrer sintomas associados à condição médica subjacente. Em casos extremos, como em doenças da medula óssea, podem surgir sintomas diretamente relacionados à leucocitose.
Razões para o aumento dos diferentes tipos de glóbulos brancos:
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Um número baixo de leucócitos é chamado de leucopenia. Uma redução na contagem total de glóbulos brancos é incomum e geralmente motivo de preocupação.
Existem algumas condições no corpo que podem causar a queda dos níveis de leucócitos, incluindo:
Se você segue uma dieta baseada em alimentos integrais e vegetais (por exemplo, vegana), sua contagem de leucócitos (incluindo neutrófilos e monócitos) pode ser mais baixa. Estudos de pesquisa apoiam a hipótese de que pessoas em dietas veganas apresentam contagens gerais mais baixas de leucócitos. Para essas pessoas, a faixa de referência ideal deve ser ajustada para 3,11 - 8,83 x10³/µL.
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As a PRO member and medical practitioner, Healthmatters.io has been an invaluable tool for tracking my clients' data. The layout is intuitive, making it easy to monitor trends and spot patterns over time. The ability to customize reports and charts helps me present information clearly to my clients, improving communication and outcomes. It's streamlined my workflow, saving me time and providing insights at a glance. Highly recommended for any practitioner looking for a comprehensive and user-friendly solution to track patient labs!
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