Butylparaben belongs to the paraben family and is one of the most common antimicrobial preservatives in cosmetics such as such as makeup, moisturizers, hair-care products, and shaving creams. It is also used in medication suspensions, and as a avoring additive in food. When exposed to high levels of butylparaben via inhalation, irritation to the respiratory tract results; symptoms include coughing and shortness of breath. Ingestion of large doses of butylparaben may cause irritation to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Butylparaben is an endocrine disruptor.
References:
Zhang H, Quan Q, Li X, Sun W, Zhu K, Wang X, Sun X, Zhan M, Xu W, Lu L, Fan J, Gao Y. Occurrence of parabens and their metabolites in the paired urine and blood samples from Chinese university students: Implications on human exposure. Environ Res. 2020 Apr;183:109288. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109288. Epub 2020 Feb 22. PMID: 32311914. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32311914/)
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An elevated butylparaben level in urine could indicate exposure to this chemical compound, which is commonly used as an artificial preservative in cosmetic and body care products, pharmaceuticals, and food and beverage processing. Butylparaben, along with other parabens, is added to these products to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and mold, thus increasing the shelf life of the products. However, there are concerns about the potential health risks associated with parabens due to their weak estrogenic activity, which could disrupt hormones in the body and affect reproductive organs, fertility, birth outcomes, and increase the risk of cancer.
The fact that parabens, including butylparaben, have been detected in the urine of a demographically diverse group of individuals, regardless of age and gender, highlights the widespread exposure of humans to these chemicals through various routes, including ingestion, skin absorption, and inhalation. Furthermore, personal care products are one of the major contributors to paraben exposure, as they are commonly used on a daily basis and can lead to direct and continuous exposure.
Considering the potential health concerns associated with paraben exposure, it is important for individuals to be aware of the ingredients in the products they use and to consider alternatives that do not contain long-chain parabens (such as isobutylparaben, butylparaben, isopropylparaben, and propylparaben). Regular monitoring of paraben levels in urine and blood can be used to assess recent exposure and help in understanding the potential health risks associated with these compounds. However, it is essential to note that individual exposure levels and health effects may vary, and further research is needed to fully understand the impact of paraben exposure on human health.
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2-Hydroxyisobutyric Acid (2HIB), 4-Nonylphenol, Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), Antimony, Beryllium, Butylparaben, Cadmium, Cesium, Chaetoglobosin A (CHA), Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP), Dihydrocitrinone, Dimethyl phosphate (DMP), Glyphosate, Mercury, Methylparaben, N-Acetyl (2,Hydroxypropyl) Cysteine (NAHP), N-Acetyl (Propyl) Cysteine (NAPR), Ochratoxin A (OTA), Perchlorate (PERC), Phenyl glyoxylic Acid (PGO)
