Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids. Asialo GM1 has important physiological properties and impacts neuronal plasticity and repair mechanisms, as well as the release of neurotrophins in the brain. Asialo GM1 acts as the site of binding for both Cholera toxin and E. coli.
Clinical Significance:
GM1 is exposed at the surface of spinal motor neurons, and in the peripheral nerves, it is limited to the node and paranodal region. Low levels of antibodies can be found in normal individuals and in patients with certain autoimmune disorders, however, high titers may be helpful in the diagnosis of multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (MMNCB), and paraproteinenia including motor neuron disease and multifocal motor neuropathy.
Autoantibodies to ganglioside GM1 are thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of some motor neuropathies due to relatively high level detection prior to therapeutic intervention, and a subsequent decrease of antibodies concurrent with clinical improvement.
High titers of IgM Antiganglioside GM1 may be etiologically important in certain types of motor neuropathy, while on the other hand, low levels of antibodies may represent B-cell dysfunctional regulation. The origin of anti-ganglioside antibodies is unknown, however, it is speculated that they can be formed against certain infectious microorganisms. Campylobacter jejuni has been identified as a frequent cause of Guillain Barré syndrome and Miller Fisher syndrome; during infection of C. jejuni anti-GM1 antibodies bind with whole cells of different C. jejuni isolates. Likewise, this occurs with Streptococcal infection, which is a trigger for PANDAS, the adult version, ANDAS and OCD.
References:
(https://www.cyrexlabs.com/Portals/0/Docs/SpecSheetPDFs/ASIALOGANGLIOSIDE.pdf)
1. Baba, et al. Anti-GM1 ganglioside antibodies with differing fine specificities in patients with multifocal motor neuropathy. J Neuroimmunol, 1989; 25:143-150.
2. Bansal, et al. IgM ganglioside GM1 antibodies in patients with autoimmune disease or neuropathy, and controls. J Clin Pathol, 1994; 14:300-302.
3. Jacobs, et al. Cross-reactive antibodies against gangliosides and Campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides in patients with Guillain-Barré or Miller Fisher syndrome. J Infect Disease, 1997; 175:729-733.
4. Mertens, et al. Molecular analysis of cross-reactive anti-myosin/anti-streptococcal mouse monoclonal antibodies. Molecular Immunol, 2000; 37(15):901-913.
5. Vojdani. Obsessive compulsive disorder and differentiation between non-autoimmune OCD and the autoimmune version of the disease called PANDAS. Latitudes, 6(2):1-6
6. Vojdani and Tarash. Cross-reaction between gliadin and different food and tissue antigens, Food Nutri Sci, 2013; 4:20-32.
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Antibodies Appear in:
- Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating
- Polyneuropathy
- Cerebrovascular Accidents
- Cranial Trauma
- Guillain Barre Syndrome
- Miller Fisher Syndrome
- Motor Neuron Disease
- MMNBC
- Multifocal Motor Neuropathy
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Myasthenia Gravis
- PANDAS / ANDAS / OCD
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Sensorimotor Neuropathy
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
High titers may be helpful in the diagnosis of multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (MMNCB), and paraproteinenia including motor neuron disease and multifocal motor neuropathy.
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Low levels of antibodies can be found in normal individuals and in patients with certain autoimmune disorders.
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I have been using Healthmatters.io since 2021. I travel all over the world and use different doctors and health facilities. This site has allowed me to consolidate all my various test results over 14 years in one place. And every doctor that I show this to has been impressed. Because with any health professional I talk to, I can pull up historical results in seconds. It is invaluable. Even going back to the same doctor, they usually do not have the historical results from their facility in a graph format. That has been very helpful.
Karin
Advanced Plan Member since 2020
What fantastic service and great, easy-to-follow layouts! I love your website; it makes it so helpful to see patterns in my health data. It's truly a pleasure to use. I only wish the NHS was as organized and quick as Healthmatters.io. You've set a new standard for health tracking!
Paul
Healthmatters Pro Member since 2024
As a PRO member and medical practitioner, Healthmatters.io has been an invaluable tool for tracking my clients' data. The layout is intuitive, making it easy to monitor trends and spot patterns over time. The ability to customize reports and charts helps me present information clearly to my clients, improving communication and outcomes. It's streamlined my workflow, saving me time and providing insights at a glance. Highly recommended for any practitioner looking for a comprehensive and user-friendly solution to track patient labs!
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21-Hydroxylase (Adrenal Cortex), Alpha + Beta Tubulin IgG+IgA, Alpha + Beta Tubulin IgM, Alpha-Myosin, Arthritic Peptide, ASCA + ANCA, Asialoganglioside IgG+IgA, Asialoganglioside IgM, Cerebellar IgG+IgA, Cerebellar IgM, Collagen Complex, Cytochrome P450 (Hepatocyte), Fibulin, Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65), Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody, IA-2 Autoantibody, Insulin + Islet Cell Antigen, Intrinsic Factor, Myelin Basic Protein IgG + IgA, Myelin Basic Protein IgM, Myocardial Peptide, Osteocyte, Ovary/Testis, Parietal Cell + ATPase, Phospholipid, Platelet Glycoprotein, Synapsin IgG+IgA, Synapsin IgM, Thyroglobulin, Thyroglobulin IgG, Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO), Thyroid Peroxidase IgG, Tropomyosin
