Reference range:
This test is intended to be used as an aid in the diagnosis of infections caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV).
The Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) DNA PCR test detects the varicella-zoster virus in whole blood or lesions that cause infections such as chickenpox and shingles.
The initial infection of VZV may result in chickenpox. Although most people who have had chickenpox will be immune to the disease for the remainder of their lives, the VZV virus remains inactive in the nerve tissue and may reactivate later in life, causing shingles. In contrast, you can be infected with shingles more than once, though it is rare.
What are symptoms of Chickenpox and Shingles?
Chickenpox and shingles both cause blister-like skin rashes. In addition, chickenpox is a highly contagious disease that causes red, itchy sores (=pox) all over the body. It used to be a prevalent childhood disease, infecting nearly all children in the United States. However, since the development of the chickenpox vaccine in 1995, cases have continued to decline. Chickenpox usually causes mild symptoms in healthy children. In comparison, it can be severe for adults, pregnant women and newborns, and people with weakened immune systems (i.e., those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, and transplant patients).
Shingles is a disease that targets people previously infected with chickenpox. This disease may cause a painful, burning rash on one area of the body, or it may spread to various body parts. Medical experts have estimated that nearly one-third of Americans will get shingles at some point in their lifetime, most often after age 50. The average recovery time for shingles is three to five weeks, but it sometimes causes long-term pain and other health problems.
Other symptoms related to both chickenpox and Shingles include:
- Fever
- Headaches
- Sore throat
You or your healthcare may also order a VZV DNA PCR test to check for immunity to the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). You have immunity if you've had chickenpox or had the chickenpox vaccine. If you have immunity, you can't get chickenpox, but you can still get shingles later in life.
Other names:
Chickenpox
Herpes Zoster
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
Shingles
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)
Varicella-Zoster Virus Detection by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), CSF
Varicella-Zoster Virus Detection by Real-Time PCR
VZV Dermal
VZV Detection by Real-Time PCR
References:
Cinque P, Bossolasco S, Vago L, Fornara C, Lipari S, Racca S, Lazzarin A, Linde A. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: VZV disease of the central nervous system or subclinical reactivation of VZV infection? Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Sep;25(3):634-9. doi: 10.1086/513754. PMID: 9314452.
Brown M, Scarborough M, Brink N, Manji H, Miller R. Varicella zoster virus-associated neurological disease in HIV-infected patients. Int J STD AIDS. 2001 Feb;12(2):79-83. doi: 10.1258/0956462011916820. PMID: 11236108.
Studahl M, Hagberg L, Rekabdar E, Bergström T. Herpesvirus DNA detection in cerebral spinal fluid: differences in clinical presentation between alpha-, beta-, and gamma-herpesviruses. Scand J Infect Dis. 2000;32(3):237-48. doi: 10.1080/00365540050165857. PMID: 10879592.
Iten A, Chatelard P, Vuadens P, Miklossy J, Meuli R, Sahli R, Meylan PR. Impact of cerebrospinal fluid PCR on the management of HIV-infected patients with varicella-zoster virus infection of the central nervous system. J Neurovirol. 1999 Apr;5(2):172-80. doi: 10.3109/13550289909021999. PMID: 10321981.
Sauerbrei A. Varicella-zoster virus infections - antiviral therapy and diagnosis. GMS Infect Dis. 2016 Feb 17;4:Doc01. doi: 10.3205/id000019. PMID: 30671315; PMCID: PMC6301744.
Sauerbrei A. Diagnosis, antiviral therapy, and prophylaxis of varicella-zoster virus infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016 May;35(5):723-34. doi: 10.1007/s10096-016-2605-0. Epub 2016 Feb 12. PMID: 26873382.
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If you are still determining whether Healthmatters support your lab results, the rule is that if you can test it, you can upload it to Healthmatters.
While we do talk about popular labs, we welcome reports from lots of other places too. It's as simple as this: if you can get a test done, you can upload it to Healthmatters. We can interpret results from any lab out there. If laboratories can analyze it, we can interpret it.
Still on the hunt for a specific biomarker? Just tell us, and we'll add it to our database. Anything from blood, urine, saliva, or stool can be uploaded, understood, and tracked with your Healthmatters account!
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Our data entry forms offer an easy, fast, and free way for you to input the reports yourself. Self-entry allows you to add an unlimited number of reports at no cost. We make the self-entry process user-friendly, providing dozens of templates that pre-populate the most popular laboratory panels and offering instant feedback on entered values.
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14.3.3 ETA PROTEIN, Acetylcholine Receptor (AChR) Antibody, Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), Alpha 2-Macroglobulins, Qn, Alpha Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone, ANA SCREEN A, ANA SCREEN B, ANA SCREEN, IFA, ANA Screen, IFA (Positive, Negative), ANA titer, Anti-C1Q Ab, IgG (RDL), Anti-DBL-Strand DNA Ab, Anti-dsDNA (Double-stranded) Ab by Farr method (RDL), Anti-dsDNA ab (Farr Assay), Anti-Smith Antibody, Anticardiolipin Ab, IgM, Anticardiolipin Ab,IgA,Qn, Anticardiolipin Ab,IgG,Qn, Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Screen, Reflex ANA IFA dsDNA Antibodies, Antinuclear Antibodies Direct (ANA Direct), Antiphosphatidylserine IgA, Antiphosphatidylserine IgG, Antiphosphatidylserine IgM, Baski sleepy, C1 Esterase Inhibitor, Func, C1 Esterase Inhibitor, Serum, C3A Desarg Fragment, C4a Level by RIA, CARDIOLIPIN AB (IGA), CARDIOLIPIN AB (IGG), CARDIOLIPIN AB (IGM), Carnitine Esters, Carnitine, Free, Carnitine, Total, CCP Antibodies IgG/IgA, Centromere, Chromatin, Coccidioides Ab by CF, Coccidioides Ab, IgG, EIA, Coccidioides Ab, IgM, EIA, Complement C1q, Quantitative, Complement C3, Complement C3a, Complement C4, Serum, Complement C4a, Complement Component C1Q, Complement, Total (CH50), Complement, Total (CH50) / Quest, Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody, Dilute Russell's viper venom time (dRVVT), Diphtheria Antitoxoid Antibody, DNA AB Double Stranded Titer, DNA Double-Stranded Ab, IgG, DRVVT SCREEN, ds-DNA Antibody, IgG, dsDNA, ENA to Smith (Sm) Antibody, Eosinophil Cationic Protein (ECP), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Esterified/Free Ratio, F004-IgE Wheat, Free Kappa Lt Chains, Serum, Free Lambda Lt Chains, Serum, Gastrin, GlycA, Hemoglobin A2 (Quant), HISTAMINE RELEASE (CHRONIC URTICARIA), Histamine, Plasma, Histone, HLA-B27 (Human Leukocyte Antigen B27), Human Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-b1), IGE ANTIBODY (ANTI IGE IGG), Immature Grans (Abs), Immature Granulocytes (%), Immunofixation Result, Serum, Immunoglobulin A, Qn, Serum, Immunoglobulin D, Quant, Serum, IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, Immunoglobulin E, Total, Immunoglobulin G, Qn, Serum, Immunoglobulin M, Qn, Serum, Influenza Type A Antibody Serum, Influenza Type B Antibody Serum, Interleukin-2, Serum, Interleukin-6, Jo 1 Antibodies, IgG, Serum, JO-1, Kappa/Lambda Ratio, Serum, Liver Kidney Mic IgG, Liver-Kidney Microsomal Antibodies, Lupus Anticoagulant, Measles Antibodies, IgG, Mumps Abs, IgG, PEP A2Glob, PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE AB (IGA), PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE AB (IGG), PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE AB (IGM), PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE AB (IGA), PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE AB (IGG), PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE AB (IGM), Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1) AG, Procalcitonin, Prothrombin Fragment 1.2, Prothrombin Time (PT), Prothrombin Time (PT) INR, RA Latex Turbid, Reptilase Clotting Time, RF, IgA by EIA (RDL), RF, IgG by EIA (RDL), RF, IgM by EIA (RDL), Rheumatoid factor (RF), RNA Polymerase III Antibodies, RNP/Sm, Scl-70, SICKLE CELL SCRN, Sirolimus, Whole Blood, Sm, SM/RNP Antibody, Smith/RNP (ENA) Ab, IGG, Smooth Muscle Abs, IFA, SSA, SSB, ssDNA, Tacrolimus, Whole Blood, Tetanus Antitoxoid IgG Ab, TGF-b1, Thrombin time, Thrombin-Antithrombin TAT, Trans. Growth Fact. beta 1, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Plasma, Tryptase, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) DNA, Qualitative, Real-Time PCR, VEGF, Plasma, Von Willebrand Factor Antigen (vWF), vWF Activity
