OMX Organic Metabolomics / Diagnostic Solutions

Valine (Plasma)

Optimal Result: 109.3 - 283 nmol/ML.

Valine is a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA).

BCAA’s are nitrogen donors, facilitate glucose uptake by liver and skeletal muscle, and enhance glycogen synthesis.

Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) are required for protein synthesis and are metabolized outside hepatic tissues, unlike most other essential amino acids. They are converted to branched-chain keto acids which require B-complex vitamins. BCAAs have been associated with obesity, weight loss, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

- BMI was positively associated with urine 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, valine, tryptophan, and tyrosine.

- Plasma valine, lysine, and tyrosine positively associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (= a type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women who don't already have diabetes.) and insulin activity.

- Elevated urine levels have been associated in higher colorectal cancer.

What does it mean if your Valine (Plasma) result is too low?

Low levels of essential BCAA may indicate a poor-quality diet, or maldigestion due to deficient digestive peptidase activity or pancreatic dysfunction.

Low levels of leucine can be seen after significant aerobic exercise or strength training.

Supplementation with zinc, vitamin B3, and vitamin B6, has improved outcomes in various conditions where low levels of BCAA’s have been associated.

What does it mean if your Valine (Plasma) result is too high?

- BMI was positively associated with urine 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, valine, tryptophan, and tyrosine.

- Plasma valine, lysine, and tyrosine positively associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (= a type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women who don't already have diabetes.) and insulin activity.

- Elevated urine levels have been associated in higher colorectal cancer.

- High protein intake may elevate BCAAs. In the catabolism of BCAAs, branched chain aminotransferase and branched chain alpha ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) require several cofactors such as vitamin B6, vitamin B1, and lipoic acid. Therefore, functional need for these cofactors may contribute to high levels of BCAAs.

- BCAAs can be elevated due to a rare inborn error of metabolism. Maple Syrup Urine Disease is an inherited disorder of branched chain amino acid metabolism due to deficiency of the BCKDC complex.

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