Testosterone is a male sex hormone or androgen. It is generally low in women and children, but it can be elevated in certain diseases. A certain level of testosterone is important for development and maturation in both genders. Testosterone is produced in the testes and to a lesser degree in the ovaries. Testosterone (Female/Child) measures total testosterone in the blood. It is expressed as ng/dL. Testosterone levels in young males tend to be about 50% higher in the early morning than in the evening. Androgen status should be assessed on more than one occasion with more than one measurement.
Normal Ranges for total testosterone in women and children:
Males
0-5 months: 75-400 ng/dL
6 months-9 years: <7-20 ng/dL
10-11 years: <7-130 ng/dL
12-13 years: <7-800 ng/dL
14 years: <7-1,200 ng/dL
15-16 years: 100-1,200 ng/dL
17-18 years: 300-1,200 ng/dL
Females
0-5 months: 20-80 ng/dL
6 months-9 years: <7-20 ng/dL
10-11 years: <7-44 ng/dL
12-16 years: <7-75 ng/dL
17-18 years: 20-75 ng/dL
> or =19 years: 8-60 ng/dL
Sources:
https://www.labcorp.com/test-menu/25691/free-androgen-index-fai
https://www.labcorp.com/test-menu/35496/testosterone-free-direct
https://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/8533
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-androgen-deficiency-and-therapy-in-women
Boys with low testosterone may fail to develop secondary sex characteristics such as deepened voice, pubic hair, and facial hair. They may also be infertile. Low testosterone in women interferes with fertility and sexual function. Low testosterone usually does not cause any noticeable symptoms in prepubescent and adolescent girls.
Some specific causes of low testosterone are:
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A high free androgen index value indicates that there is too much biologically active testosterone in the blood. Men with too much testosterone may be overly aggressive, develop cystic acne, and have increased body hair. In general, however, adult men may not notice symptoms of too much testosterone. Women with high testosterone develop many noticeable symptoms and signs such as unusual hair growth, obesity, hoarseness, and menstrual irregularities. Children with high testosterone may develop precocious puberty.
Some specific causes of high testosterone levels are:
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