Pyruvic Acid feeds into the citric acid cycle & converts into acetyl CoA. Pyruvic Acid is formed from carbohydrate via glucose or glycogen & secondarily from fats (glycerol) & glycogenic amino acids.
Nutrient associations:
Vitamins B1, B3, B5, Lipoic acid
Metabolic pathway:
Anaerobic energy production
- Deficient substrate for energy production
- Impaired production from glycogen (glycogenolysis), carbohydrates (glycolysis), or proteins (gluconeogenesis)
Additional investigations if low:
- Urinary Amino Acids
- Vitamin & Mineral Analysis
- Adrenal Hormone Profile
Treatment considerations if low:
- Gluconeogenic amino acids (e.g. L-alanine, glycine, L-serine)
- B6, Mg
- Correct glucose/insulin imbalances
- Adrenal support if required
- Consider Ca pyruvate supplementation
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Elevated by a number of nonspecific factors, including vigorous exercise, bacterial overgrowth of the GI tract, shock, poor perfusion, B-vitamin deficiency, mitochondrial dysfunction or damage, and anemia, among others. High pyruvic acid indicates the possibility of an inborn error of metabolism increases as the value exceeds 100 mmol/mol creatinine.
- Impaired metabolism due to cofactor insufficiencies or toxic metals (As, Pb, Hg, Cd)
- Muscle injury
- Severe adrenal insufficiency (impaired conversion of pyruvate to alanine)
Additional investigations if high:
- Vitamins & Minerals Analysis
- Comprehensive Urine Elements Profile
- Adrenal Hormone Profile
Treatment considerations if high:
- Supplement cofactors (B1, B2, B3, B5, Mg, Lipoic acid)
- Remove toxic metals
- Adrenal support if required
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2-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, 3-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid, 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid, 3-Methyl-4-OH-phenylglycol, 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, 5-OH-indoleacetic Acid, a-Hydroxyisobutyric Acid (from MTBE), a-Keto-b-Methylvaleric Acid, a-Ketoadipic Acid, a-Ketoglutaric Acid (AKG), a-Ketoisocaproic Acid, a-Ketoisovaleric Acid, a-Ketophenylacetic Acid (from Styrene), Adipic Acid, Arabinose, B-OH-B-Methylglutaric Acid (HMG), Benzoic Acid, Beta-OH-Butyric Acid (BHBA), Cis-Aconitic Acid, Citramalic Acid, Citric Acid, Dihydroxyphenylpropionic Acid (DHPPA), Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGlu), Glutaric Acid, Hippuric Acid, Homogentisic Acid, Homovanillic Acid, Indoleacetic Acid (IAA), Isocitric Acid, Isovalerylglycine, Kynurenic / Quinolinic Ratio, Kynurenic Acid, Lactic Acid, Malic Acid, Methylmalonic Acid, Orotic Acid, Phenylacetic Acid (PAA), Pyroglutamic Acid, Pyruvic Acid, Quinolinic Acid, Suberic Acid, Succinic Acid, Tartaric Acid, Vanilmandelic Acid, Xanthurenic Acid
