Prothrombin time (PT) is a blood test that measures the time it takes for the liquid portion (plasma) of your blood to clot. A prothrombin time test can be used to check for bleeding problems. PT is also used to check whether medicine to prevent blood clots is working. A PT test may also be called an INR test. INR stands for 'international normalized ratio'.
The INR is typically used to monitor patients on warfarin or related oral anticoagulant therapy. The normal range for a healthy person not using warfarin is 0.8–1.2, and for people on warfarin therapy an INR of 2.0–3.0 is usually targeted, although the target INR may be higher in particular situations, such as for those with a mechanical heart valve. If the INR is outside the target range, a high INR indicates a higher risk of bleeding, while a low INR suggests a higher risk of developing a clot.
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An elevated Prothrombin Time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) indicate that the blood is taking longer to clot than the normal range.
PT measures the time it takes for your blood to clot. The normal range for PT is typically 10 to 13 seconds in most laboratories. An elevated PT suggests that your blood is clotting more slowly than usual.
INR is a standardized way of reporting PT results, which helps ensure consistency across different laboratories. A healthy individual typically has an INR of 1.1 or below. An INR higher than 1.1 indicates slower blood clotting.
Causes of Elevated PT/INR: Several factors can lead to an elevated PT/INR, including liver disease, vitamin K deficiency, certain medications (such as blood thinners), and clotting disorders.
Clinical Significance: An elevated PT/INR can increase the risk of bleeding because it indicates impaired blood clotting ability. It is essential to consult a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.
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