Adipokines, hormones produced by fat cells, are regulators of insulin sensitivity, inflammation, oxidative stress and hepatic fatty acid oxidation and secretion of plasma triglycerides. With increased adiposity the level of adiponectin declines. Low levels of adiponectin are associated with marked increases in risk for developing metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes and coronary artery disease. In contrast levels of leptin increase due to leptin resistance that is associated with loss of appetite regulation (satiety).
A high of leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR) is associated with diminished anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative properties, and endothelial dysfunction. There is increased concern with respect to CVD when a high LAR is concomitant with elevated hsCRP (3-10 mg/L).
Leptin : Adiponectin ratio
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