Neurofascin (NF) is a cell adhesion molecule (= cell adhesion molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins that enable cells to bind together and attach to the extracellular matrix).
NF is expressed in both the CNS and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and plays important roles in developing and maintaining neural structures.
Anti-neurofascin autoantibodies are found mainly in combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD), a rare demyelinating condition affecting both CNS and peripheral nervous system (PNS) tissues, and also in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and axonal injury in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Recognition of this antibody may be important in treatment management, becauseanti-neurofascin seropositive CCPD patients respond well to Intravenous Immunoglobulin or plasma exchange treatments.
References:
Kawamura N. [Anti-neurofascin antibody in combined central and peripheral demyelination]. Nihon Rinsho. 2015 Sep;73 Suppl 7:347-51. Japanese. PMID: 26480724.
Shelly S, Klein CJ, Dyck PJB, Paul P, Mauermann ML, Berini SE, Howe B, Fryer JP, Basal E, Bakri HM, Laughlin RS, McKeon A, Pittock SJ, Mills J, Dubey D. Neurofascin-155 Immunoglobulin Subtypes: Clinicopathologic Associations and Neurologic Outcomes. Neurology. 2021 Dec 14;97(24):e2392-e2403. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012932. Epub 2021 Oct 11. PMID: 34635556; PMCID: PMC8673722.
Mathey, E. K.; Derfuss, T.; Storch, M. K.; Williams, K. R.; Hales, K.; Woolley, D. R.; Al-Hayani, A.; Davies, S. N.; Rasband, M. N.; Olsson, T.; Moldenhauer, A.; Velhin, S.; Hohlfeld, R.; Meinl, E.; Linington, C., Neurofascin as a novel target for autoantibody-mediated axonal injury. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 2007, 204 (10), 2363-2372.
Kawamura, N.; Yamasaki, R.; Yonekawa, T.; Matsushita, T.; Kusunoki, S.; Nagayama, S.; Fukuda, Y.; Ogata, H.; Matsuse, D.; Murai, H.; Kira, J.-i., Anti-neurofascin antibody in patients with combined central and peripheral demyelination. Neurology 2013, 81 (8), 714-722.
Anti-Neurofascin (IgG + IgA)
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