Anti-Myelin proteolipid protein (IgG + IgA)
Myelin proteolipid protein (= PLP) is the major membrane protein of central nervous system (CNS) myelin sheath that surrounds and protects nerve fibers and its expression is largely limited to oligodendrocytes (myelinating cells of the central nervous system).
Anti-myelin proteolipid protein antibodies (anti-PLP antibodies) are produced by the immune system and can attack the myelin sheath, leading to damage and destruction of nerve fibers.
Anti-myelin proteolipid protein antibodies are a useful marker in patients with seronegative anti-myelin basic protein, the frequent marker in active multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.
References:
Simons M, Kramer EM, Macchi P, Rathke-Hartlieb S, Trotter J, Nave KA, Schulz JB. Overexpression of the myelin proteolipid protein leads to accumulation of cholesterol and proteolipid protein in endosomes/lysosomes: implications for Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. J Cell Biol. 2002 Apr 15;157(2):327-36. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200110138. Epub 2002 Apr 15. PMID: 11956232; PMCID: PMC2199249.
Warren KG, Catz I. Relative frequency of autoantibodies to myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein in optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurol Sci. 1994 Jan;121(1):66-73. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(94)90158-9. PMID: 7510787.
Sellebjerg FT, Frederiksen JL, Olsson T. Anti-myelin basic protein and anti-proteolipid protein antibody-secreting cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute optic neuritis. Arch Neurol. 1994 Oct;51(10):1032-6. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1994.00540220078017. PMID: 7524468.
Links:
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/optic-neuritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354953#:~:text=Optic%20neuritis%20occurs%20when%20swelling,vision%20loss%20in%20one%20eye.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/multiple-sclerosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350269#:~:text=Multiple%20sclerosis%20(MS)%20is%20a,the%20rest%20of%20your%20body.
What does it mean if your Anti-Myelin proteolipid protein (IgG + IgA) result is too high?
Anti-myelin proteolipid protein antibodies are a useful marker in patients with seronegative anti-myelin basic protein, the frequent marker in active multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, progressive disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that occurs when the immune system attacks and damages the myelin sheath around nerve fibers.
Optic neuritis occurs when swelling (inflammation) damages the optic nerve — a bundle of nerve fibers that transmits visual information from your eye to your brain. Common symptoms of optic neuritis include pain with eye movement and temporary vision loss in one eye.
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