Proteobacteria:Actinobacteria Ratio

An elevated Proteobacteria:Actinobacteria ratio on a gut panel can indicate a state of gut dysbiosis, which is an imbalance in the microbial community. Proteobacteria are often associated with inflammation and can be indicative of conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) when their levels are elevated. On the other hand, Actinobacteria, particularly the genus Bifidobacterium, are known for their beneficial effects on gut health, including their role in maintaining gut homeostasis and supporting the immune system. Therefore, a high Proteobacteria:Actinobacteria ratio suggests a potential shift towards a more inflammatory gut environment, which could be associated with various gastrointestinal and systemic diseases.

The average adult gut is comprised of 2-3% Actinobacteria and no more than 4.5% Proteobacteria. Individuals with metabolic imbalances and impaired cell turnover have up to 15% Proteobacteria.

Proteobacteria: Actinobacteria ratios below 1.0 are associated with healthier metabolism and cell turnover. Increasing Actinobacteria may also benefit mood and brain health. Increasing actinobacteria can be accomplished by consuming plant-derived carbohydrate starch and polysaccharides, such as FOS, GOS, XOS, inulin or arabinoxilan.

Gram-negative Proteobacteria are a source of lipopolysaccharide associated with metabolic endotoxemia. Bifidobacterium species within Actinobacteria produce health-promoting metabolites like IL-10, SCFA, and GABA. Consuming a balanced diet with a wide variety of fibers, polyphenols, and a healthy level of fat can help balance this ratio.